Kdenlive/Manual/QuickStart/zh-tw: Difference between revisions

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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-New-Project.png|thumb|left|200px|New Project dialog]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-New-Project.png|thumb|left|250px|New Project dialog]]
    打開 '''Kdenlive''' 之後, 新建一個專案 (<menuchoice>檔案 -> 新增</menuchoice>).  
    Open '''Kdenlive''' and create a new project (<menuchoice>File -> New</menuchoice>).  


    選擇剛才新建的目錄夾(<tt>quickstart-tutorial/</tt>) ,然後選擇一個合適的專案描述檔。上面提供的影片是720p, 23.98 fps.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/720p 720] 是片的高度 , p 代表 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_scan 增進式掃描] 可對照 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlaced_video interlaced video], 而 fps 數字表示每秒鐘的影格數.</ref> 假如您用自己的檔案並不清楚該用那一個, '''Kdenlive''' 在你載入第一個素材時將建議你一個合適的描述檔<ref> Kdenlive 設定提供的組態, 在 [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Settings_Menu/Configure_Kdenlive#Misc|Misc ]] 這裏設定成 ''Check if first added clip matches project profile當第一個素材加入時檢查合適的專案描述檔''</ref>
    選擇剛才新建的目錄夾(<tt>quickstart-tutorial/</tt>) ,然後選擇一個合適的專案描述檔。上面提供的影片是720p, 23.98 fps.<ref>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/720p 720] 是片的高度 , p 代表 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_scan 增進式掃描] 可對照 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlaced_video interlaced video], 而 fps 數字表示每秒鐘的影格數.</ref> 假如您用自己的檔案並不清楚該用那一個, '''Kdenlive''' 在你載入第一個素材時將建議你一個合適的描述檔<ref> Kdenlive 設定提供的組態, 在 [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Settings_Menu/Configure_Kdenlive#Misc|Misc ]] 這裏設定成 ''Check if first added clip matches project profile當第一個素材加入時檢查合適的專案描述檔''</ref>
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    === 加上素材 ===
    === 加上素材 ===


    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Add-Clips.png|thumb|left|400px|Project Tree: 加上影片素材]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Add-Clips.png|thumb|left|Project Bin: Adding video clips]]


    現在專案已經準備好了,讓我們加上一些素材(就是之前下載的影片檔)。在 ''Project Tree widget''作業; 點擊 <menuchoice>Add Clip</menuchoice> 圖示 {{Icon|add-clip}} 直接打開檔案對話盒,點擊小箭頭看看有那些影片格式可以加進專案使用. 影片素材, 聲音素材, 圖片, 及其他的 '''Kdenlive''' 專案可以加來用的。通過預設的 <menuchoice>Add Clip</menuchoice> 對話盒.
    Now that the project is ready, let’s start adding some clips (i.e. the ones you downloaded). This works via the ''Project Bin widget''; a click on the <menuchoice>Add Clip</menuchoice> icon {{Icon|add-clip}} directly opens the file dialog, a click on the small arrow shows a list of additional clip types that can be added as well. Video clips, audio clips, images, and other '''Kdenlive''' projects can be added via the default <menuchoice>Add Clip</menuchoice> dialog.


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Mainwindow.png|thumb|left|400px|Kdenlive 0.8 window with the tutorial files]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Mainwindow.png|thumb|left|400px|Kdenlive window with the tutorial files]]
    載入素材之後,'''Kdenlive'''看起來是這個樣子,在左上方是已知的專案樹. 右邊是影片的監視器; 素材的監視器播放原始的素材內容, 專案監視器播放未來輸出的影片, 包含了所有的特效,轉場等等. 第三個分頁, 也很重要, 時間軸 (在監視器下方): 這裏是影片素材編輯的地方.有兩種型態的編輯軌, 影片和聲音. 影片軌可以放任何型態的素材, 音訊軌也是 但是當你拉一段影片檔到音訊軌, 只有音訊部分可以編輯.
    After loading the clips, '''Kdenlive''' will look similar to this. On the top left there is the already known project tree. Right of it are the monitors that show video; The clip monitor displays video from the original clips, the project monitor shows how the output video will look, with all effects, transitions, etc. applied. The third, also very important, item is the timeline (below the monitors): This is the place where the video clips will be edited. There are two different types of tracks, Video and Audio. Video tracks can contain any kind of clip, audio tracks as well but when dropping a video file to the audio track, only the audio will be used.


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Save-Project.png|thumb|left|400px|儲存 Kdenlive 專案]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Save-Project.png|thumb|left|400px|Saving a Kdenlive project]]
    讓我們透過 <menuchoice>File -> Save</menuchoice>存檔. 整個專案會儲存, i.e. 當我們在時間軸上放上影片, 用上了特效, 等等異動. 目前還 ''不能'' 播放.<ref>想要播的話, ''可以'' 用指令 <code>melt yourproject.kdenlive</code>來播放, 但這不是您想要播放最終影片的方式因為 這樣太慢 (大部分時候) . 此外, 它要有安裝melt 才能播放.</ref> 產生最終影片的過程稱為 ''Rendering''.
    Let’s save the work via <menuchoice>File -> Save</menuchoice>. This saves our project, i.e. where we placed the clips on the timeline, which effects we applied, and so on. It can ''not'' be played.<ref>To be correct, it ''can'' be played using <code>melt yourproject.kdenlive</code>, but this is not the way you would want to present your final video since it is (most likely) too slow. Additionally, it only works if melt is installed.</ref> The process of creating the final video is called ''Rendering''.


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    可參閱 [[Special:MyLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Timeline|使用手冊的時間軸章節]]
    可參閱 [[Special:MyLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Timeline|使用手冊的時間軸章節]]


    現在開始動手來編輯. 專案素材在時間軸上被組合成最終結果它們可拖拉於其上: 拖住 Napoli (假設你正在用之前下載的檔案, 完成此教學剩餘的部分; 假如不是, 請確認你的螢幕是防水的或是防蕃茄), 然它將他放於時間軸的第一軸.
    Now comes the actual editing. Project clips are combined to the final result on the timelineThey get there by drag and drop: Drag some Napoli (assuming you are using the files provided above, as in the rest of this quick start tutorial; If not, please make sure your screen is waterproof, and perhaps tomatoproof) from the project tree, and drop it onto the first track in the timeline.


    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Timeline-Clips.png|thumb|left|400px|First clips in the timeline]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Timeline-Clips.png|thumb|left|400px|First clips in the timeline]]
    這時需要一些修飾,請把spoon放在第一軌上. Napoli 拖到時間軸的開頭 (不然,待會混製過的影片開頭的前幾秒會空空(黑黑)的沒東西), Spoon 放在 Napoli的右邊, 圖片位於左邊. (在這裏我已經放大了,用 <keycap>Ctrl + Wheel</keycap>.)  
    Since some cutlery is needed as well, grab the spoon clip and drop it on the first track as well. Then drag the Napoli to the beginning of the timeline (otherwise the rendered video would start with some seconds of plain black), and the Spoon right after the Napoli, such that it looks like in the image on the left. (Where I have zoomed in with <keycap>Ctrl + Wheel</keycap>.)  


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Resize-Marker.png|thumb|left|Resize marker]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Resize-Marker.png|thumb|left|Resize marker]]
    編輯後接著該播放 , Billard 素材. 同樣把它加上時間軸. 素材的開頭 1.5 秒沒任何事發生, 所以可以 '''cut''' 掉,以免影片變得無趣. 簡單的做法可參考<ref>Writing it this way suggests that there are several ways of cutting a clip. This is in fact true.</ref> 將時間軸播放紅線移到你想要的位置 (i.e. 你想要剪掉的位置), 拖曳素材的左邊界線,然後調整大小的標記(resize marker)出現了. 當您移動的夠近它將snap in at 播放紅線 。
    Since after eating comes playing, there is a Billiards clip. Add it to the timeline as well. For the first 1.5 seconds nothing happens in the clip, so it should perhaps be '''cut''' to avoid the video becoming boring. An easy way<ref>Writing it this way suggests that there are several ways of cutting a clip. This is in fact true.</ref> for this is to move the timeline cursor to the desired position (i.e. the position where you want to cut the video), then drag the left border of the clip when the resize marker appears. It will snap in at the timeline cursor when you move close enough.


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Overlap-Clips.png|thumb|left|Overlapping clips]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Overlap-Clips.png|thumb|left|Overlapping clips]]
    加上 ''過場(transition)'' 在吃 (the Spoon) 和 玩 billard之間, 兩段素材必須重疊(overlap)一部分. 清確地說: 第二段素材須要放在第一段素材之上或之下,第二段開始前還額外多一些影格. 放大,一直到Zooming in until the ticks for single frames appear helps here;總是用一樣的轉場時段(transition duration)會讓事情變得容易, 例如:在這裏用5個影格.
    To add a ''transition'' between eating (the Spoon) and playing billiards, the two clips need to overlap. To be precise: the second clip should be above or below the first one and end some frames after the second one begins. Zooming in until the ticks for single frames appear helps here; it also makes it easy to always have the same transition duration, five frames in this case.


    You can zoom in by either using the <menuchoice>zoom slider</menuchoice> at the bottom of the '''Kdenlive''' window, or with <keycap>Ctrl + Mousewheel</keycap>. '''Kdenlive''' will zoom to the timeline cursor, so first set it to the position which you want to see enlarged, then zoom in.
    您可經由  '''Kdenlive''' 視窗下方的<menuchoice>zoom slider</menuchoice>, 或是 <keycap>Ctrl + Mousewheel</keycap>來放大. '''Kdenlive''' 將對時間播放紅線來放大縮小, 所以首先你可將你想要放大的部分設定其位置, 然後放大它.


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    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Transition.png|thumb|left|Transition marker]]
    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Transition.png|thumb|left|350px|Transition marker]]
    <span id="transition"></span>Now that the clips overlap, the transition can be added. This is done either by right-clicking on the upper clip and choosing <menuchoice>Add Transition</menuchoice> or, easier, by clicking the green triangle that appears when you hover the mouse over the lower right corner of the Spoon clip. The latter, by default, adds a dissolve transition, which is in this case the best idea anyway since the Spoon is not required for playing anyway.
    <span id="transition"></span>Now that the clips overlap, the transition can be added. This is done either by right-clicking on the upper clip and choosing <menuchoice>Add Transition</menuchoice> or, easier, by hovering the mouse over the lower right corner of the Spoon clip until the pointing-finger pointer is shown and the message "Click to add transition" appears. The latter, by default, adds a dissolve transition, which is in this case the best idea anyway since the Spoon is not required for playing.


    The dissolve transitions fades the first clip into the second one. See also [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Transitions|Transition section of the manual]].
    dissolve 轉場將第一素材慢慢淡出後接到第二素材. 可參閱 [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Transitions|使用手冊的轉場章節]].


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    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Last-Clip.png|thumb|left|400px]]
    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Last-Clip.png|thumb|left|395px]]
    Let’s add the last clip, the Piano, now, and again apply a dissolve transition. When adding it on the first track of the timeline, you need to click on the new clip’s lower left edge to add the transition to the previous clip.
    Let’s now add the last clip, the Piano, and again apply a dissolve transition. When adding it on the first track of the timeline, you need to click on the new clip’s lower left edge to add the transition to the previous clip.




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    ==== Effects ====
    ==== 特效 ====


    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Add-Effect.png|thumb|left|400px|Effect List]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Add-Effect.png|thumb|left|Effect List]]
    The Piano can be colourized by adding an ''effect'' to it.  Select the piano clip, then double-click the <menuchoice>RGB Adjustment</menuchoice> effect in the <menuchoice>Effect List</menuchoice>. If it is not visible, you can get it via <menuchoice>View -> Effect List</menuchoice>.
    The Piano can be colourized by adding an ''effect'' to it.  Select the piano clip, then double-click the <menuchoice>RGB Adjustment</menuchoice> effect in the <menuchoice>Effect List</menuchoice>. If it is not visible, you can get it via <menuchoice>View -> Effect List</menuchoice>.


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Effect-Flag.png|thumb|left|352px]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Effect-Flag.png|thumb|left|352px]]
    Once the effect has been added, its name will be added to the timeline clip. It will also be shown in the <menuchoice>Effect Stack</menuchoice> widget.
    Once the effect has been added, its name will be added to the timeline clip. It will also be shown in the <menuchoice>Properties</menuchoice> widget.


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    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-EffectStack.png|thumb|left|400px|Effect Stack with RGB adjustment]]
    [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-EffectStack.png|thumb|left|402px|Effect Stack with RGB adjustment]]
    To get a warm yellow-orange tone on the image, fitting the comfortable evening, blue needs to be reduced and red and green improved.  
    To get a warm yellow-orange tone on the image, fitting the comfortable evening, blue needs to be reduced and red and green improved.  


    The values in the effect stack widget can be changed by using the slider (middle mouse button resets it to the default value), or by entering a value directly by double-clicking the number right to the slider.  
    The values in the Properties widget can be changed by using the slider (middle mouse button resets it to the default value), or by entering a value directly by double-clicking the number to the right of the slider.  


    Effects can also be added with the <menuchoice>Add new effect</menuchoice> icon (framed in the image on the left) in the <menuchoice>Effect Stack</menuchoice>; It always refers to the timeline clip that is currently selected. By unchecking the checkbox they are temporarily disabled (the settings remain though), this is e.g. useful for effects that require a lot of computing power, so they can be disabled when editing and enabled again for rendering.
    The Properties widget always refers to the timeline clip that is currently selected. Each effect can be temporarily disabled by clicking the eye icon, or all effects for that clip can be disabled using the check box at the top of the Properties widget (the settings are saved though), this is e.g. useful for effects that require a lot of computing power, so they can be disabled when editing and enabled again for rendering.


    For some effects, like the one used there, it is possible to add keyframes. The framed watch icon indicates this. Keyframes are used for changing effect parameters over time. In our clip this allows us to fade the piano’s colour from a warm evening colour to a cold night colour.  
    有些特效,像這裏用到的,可以新增關鍵影格。The framed watch icon indicates this.關鍵影格用於隨時間改變特效參數. 在我們的素材可以讓我們讓 piano的淡色從溫暖的黃昏色調慢慢淡出成冷冷的夜晚色調.  


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Keyframes.png|thumb|left|400px|Keyframes for effects]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Keyframes.png|thumb|left|401px|Keyframes for effects]]
    After clicking the <menuchoice>keyframe</menuchoice> icon (the clock icon framed in the previous image), the Effect Stack widget will re-arrange. By default there will be two keyframes, one at the beginning of the timeline clip and one at the end. Move the timeline cursor to the end of the timeline clip, such that the project monitor actually shows the new colours when changing the parameters of the keyframe at the end.  
    After clicking the <menuchoice>keyframe</menuchoice> icon (the clock icon framed in the previous image), the Properties widget will re-arrange. By default there will be two keyframes, one at the beginning of the timeline clip and one at the end. Move the timeline cursor to the end of the timeline clip, such that the project monitor actually shows the new colours when changing the parameters of the keyframe at the end.  


    Make sure the last keyframe is selected in the Effect Stack’s list. Then you are ready to flood the piano with a deep blue.
    Make sure the last keyframe is selected in the Properties list. Then you are ready to flood the piano with a deep blue.


    Moving the timeline cursor to the beginning of the project and playing it (with <keycap>Space</keycap>, or the <menuchoice>Play</menuchoice> button in the <menuchoice>Project Monitor</menuchoice>), the piano should now change the colour as desired.
    將播放紅線移至專案的開頭,然後播放 (使用 <keycap>Space</keycap>, 或是 <menuchoice>專案監視器</menuchoice>)下方的<menuchoice>播放</menuchoice>, piano 應該會如願的變色.


    Keyframing was the hardest part of this tutorial. If you managed to do it, you will master '''Kdenlive''' easily!
    關鍵影格是本教學裏最困難的部分. 假如你可以正確完成它, 之後您將輕易地經通'''Kdenlive''' !


    See also [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects|Effects section of the manual]].
    可參閱[[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Effects|Effects section of the manual]]


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    ==== Music ====
    ==== 音樂 ====


    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Fadeout.png|thumb|left|400px|Audio fadeout]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Fadeout.png|thumb|left|395px|Audio fadeout]]
    Since the clips do not provide any audio, let’s search for some nice piece of music, on your local collection or on web pages like [http://www.jamendo.com Jamendo]. The audio clip should, after adding it, go to an audio track on the timeline.
    Since the clips do not provide any audio, let’s search for some nice piece of music, from your local collection or on web pages like [http://www.jamendo.com Jamendo]. The audio clip should, after adding it, be dragged to an audio track on the timeline.


    The audio clip can be resized on the timeline the same way as video clips are. The cursor will snap in at the end of the project automatically. To add a fade out effect at the end of the audio clip (except if you found a file with exactly the right length) you can hover the top right (or left) edge of the timeline clip and drag the green disc to the position where fading out should start.<ref>This green disc is a shorthand for adding the effect <menuchoice>Fade -> Fade out</menuchoice>. Both ways lead to the same result.</ref>
    The audio clip can be resized on the timeline the same way as video clips are. The cursor will snap in at the end of the project automatically. To add a fade out effect at the end of the audio clip (except if you found a file with exactly the right length) you can hover the top right (or left) edge of the timeline clip and drag the red shaded triangle to the position where fading out should start.<ref>This shaded triangle is a shorthand for adding the effect <menuchoice>Fade -> Fade out</menuchoice>. Both ways lead to the same result.</ref>


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    === Rendering ===
    === 合成 ===


    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Renderer.png|thumb|left|200px|Rendering dialog]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Renderer.png|thumb|left|210px|Rendering dialog]]
    A few minutes left, and the project is finished! Click the Render button (or go to <menuchoice>Project -> Render</menuchoice>, or press <keycap>Ctrl + Enter</keycap>) to get the dialog shown on the left. Select the desired output file for our new video with all effects and transitions, choose MPEG4 (works nearly everywhere) and a bitrate of 2000k (the higher the bitrate, the larger the output file and the better the quality – but since the bitrate for the input clips was 2000k already, using a higher one would not improve quality and is therefore unnecessary), and press the <menuchoice>Render to File</menuchoice> button.  
    A few minutes left, and the project is finished! Click the Render button (or go to <menuchoice>Project -> Render</menuchoice>, or press <keycap>Ctrl + Enter</keycap>) to get the dialog shown on the left. Select the desired output file for our new video with all effects and transitions, choose MP4 (works nearly everywhere), select the output file location and press the <menuchoice>Render to File</menuchoice> button.  


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    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Rendering.png|thumb|left|200px|Rendering progress]]
    [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Rendering.png|thumb|left|210px|Rendering progress]]
    After some seconds rendering will be finished, and your first '''Kdenlive''' project completed. Congratulations!
    After some seconds rendering will be finished, and your first '''Kdenlive''' project completed. Congratulations!


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    === References and notes ===
    === Complete manual ===
     
    Further documentation for the current version of '''Kdenlive''' can be found in [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual |  the full manual]].
     
    === 參考與注意事項 ===
    <references/>
    <references/>



    Revision as of 15:40, 8 May 2019

    Quick Start

    創建新專案

    Kdenlive directory structure

    首先,創建新(空)的目錄夾給我們專案使用. 我將稱它 quickstart-tutorial/ 在本次的教學之中.然後放上一些範例素材, 或從這裏下載:kdenlive-tutorial-videos-2011-avi.tar.bz2 (7 MB)[1], 然後將它們解壓縮。 例如. 放到本專案下的子目錄 quickstart-tutorial/Videos/ .

    左邊的圖片顯示建議的目錄結構:每個專案有自己的目錄,將影片檔放在Videos 子目錄,聲音檔放在 Audio子目錄,等。(read more)

    (從現在開始,本教學假設您使用範例影片,當然你也可以用其他的範例影片。)


    New Project dialog

    Open Kdenlive and create a new project (File -> New).

    選擇剛才新建的目錄夾(quickstart-tutorial/) ,然後選擇一個合適的專案描述檔。上面提供的影片是720p, 23.98 fps.[2] 假如您用自己的檔案並不清楚該用那一個, Kdenlive 在你載入第一個素材時將建議你一個合適的描述檔[3]


    加上素材

    Project Bin: Adding video clips

    Now that the project is ready, let’s start adding some clips (i.e. the ones you downloaded). This works via the Project Bin widget; a click on the Add Clip icon directly opens the file dialog, a click on the small arrow shows a list of additional clip types that can be added as well. Video clips, audio clips, images, and other Kdenlive projects can be added via the default Add Clip dialog.


    Kdenlive window with the tutorial files

    After loading the clips, Kdenlive will look similar to this. On the top left there is the already known project tree. Right of it are the monitors that show video; The clip monitor displays video from the original clips, the project monitor shows how the output video will look, with all effects, transitions, etc. applied. The third, also very important, item is the timeline (below the monitors): This is the place where the video clips will be edited. There are two different types of tracks, Video and Audio. Video tracks can contain any kind of clip, audio tracks as well – but when dropping a video file to the audio track, only the audio will be used.


    Saving a Kdenlive project

    Let’s save the work via File -> Save. This saves our project, i.e. where we placed the clips on the timeline, which effects we applied, and so on. It can not be played.[4] The process of creating the final video is called Rendering.


    時間軸

    可參閱 使用手冊的時間軸章節

    Now comes the actual editing. Project clips are combined to the final result on the timeline. They get there by drag and drop: Drag some Napoli (assuming you are using the files provided above, as in the rest of this quick start tutorial; If not, please make sure your screen is waterproof, and perhaps tomatoproof) from the project tree, and drop it onto the first track in the timeline.

    First clips in the timeline

    Since some cutlery is needed as well, grab the spoon clip and drop it on the first track as well. Then drag the Napoli to the beginning of the timeline (otherwise the rendered video would start with some seconds of plain black), and the Spoon right after the Napoli, such that it looks like in the image on the left. (Where I have zoomed in with Ctrl + Wheel.)


    Timeline cursor
    預覽結果,可按 Space (或 專案監視器的Play ). 你將看到 Napoli 之後接著 Spoon. 假如時間軸的播放線( cursor )不在開頭處, 專案覽視器會在某處開始播放; 你可在時間軸的度量尺上拖曳播放線或是或是在專案監視上按倒帶鍵. 假如你偏愛快速鍵, Ctrl + Home 可以對播放的監視器做一樣的事. (選擇 Project Monitor 如果你要用快速鍵時,還沒選擇的話.)
    


    Resize marker

    Since after eating comes playing, there is a Billiards clip. Add it to the timeline as well. For the first 1.5 seconds nothing happens in the clip, so it should perhaps be cut to avoid the video becoming boring. An easy way[5] for this is to move the timeline cursor to the desired position (i.e. the position where you want to cut the video), then drag the left border of the clip when the resize marker appears. It will snap in at the timeline cursor when you move close enough.


    Overlapping clips

    To add a transition between eating (the Spoon) and playing billiards, the two clips need to overlap. To be precise: the second clip should be above or below the first one and end some frames after the second one begins. Zooming in until the ticks for single frames appear helps here; it also makes it easy to always have the same transition duration, five frames in this case.

    您可經由 Kdenlive 視窗下方的zoom slider, 或是 Ctrl + Mousewheel來放大. Kdenlive 將對時間播放紅線來放大縮小, 所以首先你可將你想要放大的部分設定其位置, 然後放大它.


    Transition marker

    Now that the clips overlap, the transition can be added. This is done either by right-clicking on the upper clip and choosing Add Transition or, easier, by hovering the mouse over the lower right corner of the Spoon clip until the pointing-finger pointer is shown and the message "Click to add transition" appears. The latter, by default, adds a dissolve transition, which is in this case the best idea anyway since the Spoon is not required for playing.

    dissolve 轉場將第一素材慢慢淡出後接到第二素材. 可參閱 使用手冊的轉場章節.
    


    Let’s now add the last clip, the Piano, and again apply a dissolve transition. When adding it on the first track of the timeline, you need to click on the new clip’s lower left edge to add the transition to the previous clip.



    特效

    Effect List

    The Piano can be colourized by adding an effect to it. Select the piano clip, then double-click the RGB Adjustment effect in the Effect List. If it is not visible, you can get it via View -> Effect List.


    Once the effect has been added, its name will be added to the timeline clip. It will also be shown in the Properties widget.


    Effect Stack with RGB adjustment

    To get a warm yellow-orange tone on the image, fitting the comfortable evening, blue needs to be reduced and red and green improved.

    The values in the Properties widget can be changed by using the slider (middle mouse button resets it to the default value), or by entering a value directly by double-clicking the number to the right of the slider.

    The Properties widget always refers to the timeline clip that is currently selected. Each effect can be temporarily disabled by clicking the eye icon, or all effects for that clip can be disabled using the check box at the top of the Properties widget (the settings are saved though), this is e.g. useful for effects that require a lot of computing power, so they can be disabled when editing and enabled again for rendering.

    有些特效,像這裏用到的,可以新增關鍵影格。The framed watch icon indicates this.關鍵影格用於隨時間改變特效參數. 在我們的素材可以讓我們讓 piano的淡色從溫暖的黃昏色調慢慢淡出成冷冷的夜晚色調.


    Keyframes for effects

    After clicking the keyframe icon (the clock icon framed in the previous image), the Properties widget will re-arrange. By default there will be two keyframes, one at the beginning of the timeline clip and one at the end. Move the timeline cursor to the end of the timeline clip, such that the project monitor actually shows the new colours when changing the parameters of the keyframe at the end.

    Make sure the last keyframe is selected in the Properties list. Then you are ready to flood the piano with a deep blue.

    將播放紅線移至專案的開頭,然後播放 (使用 Space, 或是 專案監視器)下方的播放鍵, piano 應該會如願的變色.

    關鍵影格是本教學裏最困難的部分. 假如你可以正確完成它, 之後您將輕易地經通Kdenlive !

    可參閱Effects section of the manual


    音樂

    Audio fadeout

    Since the clips do not provide any audio, let’s search for some nice piece of music, from your local collection or on web pages like Jamendo. The audio clip should, after adding it, be dragged to an audio track on the timeline.

    The audio clip can be resized on the timeline the same way as video clips are. The cursor will snap in at the end of the project automatically. To add a fade out effect at the end of the audio clip (except if you found a file with exactly the right length) you can hover the top right (or left) edge of the timeline clip and drag the red shaded triangle to the position where fading out should start.[6]


    合成

    Rendering dialog

    A few minutes left, and the project is finished! Click the Render button (or go to Project -> Render, or press Ctrl + Enter) to get the dialog shown on the left. Select the desired output file for our new video with all effects and transitions, choose MP4 (works nearly everywhere), select the output file location and press the Render to File button.


    Rendering progress

    After some seconds rendering will be finished, and your first Kdenlive project completed. Congratulations!


    Complete manual

    Further documentation for the current version of Kdenlive can be found in the full manual.

    參考與注意事項

    1. 假如你偏好 Theora (因為你覺得 Ogg 格式的影片常發生問題), 你可以從這裏下載 kdenlive-tutorial-videos-2011-ogv.tar.bz2.
    2. 720 是片的高度 , p 代表 增進式掃描 可對照 interlaced video, 而 fps 數字表示每秒鐘的影格數.
    3. Kdenlive 設定提供的組態, 在 Misc 這裏設定成 Check if first added clip matches project profile當第一個素材加入時檢查合適的專案描述檔
    4. To be correct, it can be played using melt yourproject.kdenlive, but this is not the way you would want to present your final video since it is (most likely) too slow. Additionally, it only works if melt is installed.
    5. Writing it this way suggests that there are several ways of cutting a clip. This is in fact true.
    6. This shaded triangle is a shorthand for adding the effect Fade -> Fade out. Both ways lead to the same result.