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{{DISPLAYTITLE:KWin}}<languages />
{|class="vertical-centered"
|[[Image:KWin_Plasma_5_16.png|thumb|center|256px|
KWin running a Plasma 5.16 desktop]]
|'''Надежный и гибкий диспетчер окон для рабочего стола KDE, теперь с видеоэффектами!'''
|}
<span id="Feature Overview"></span>
== Обзор возможностей ==

:* Стабильный и надежный
:* Композитный, с трёхмерными эффектами
:* Простота настройки
:* Улучшенная эффективность

'''KWin''' (pronounced "kwin" in one word) is the window manager for the '''KDE Plasma Desktop'''. It gives you complete control over your windows, making sure they're not in the way but aid you in your task. It paints the window decoration, the bar on top of every window with (configurable) buttons like close, maximize and minimize. It also handles placing of windows and switching between them.

'''KWin''' поддерживает '''композитность''', что означает использование трёхмерных эффектов при отрисовке окон. Это может сделать управление окнами более гладким, лёгким и более эффективным и естественным. Его аппаратные требования очень скромные, и почти каждая разумно современная система с 2002 года поддерживает его. Могут быть небольшие проблемы с некоторой аппаратурой, более подробно на эту тему можно узнать на странице KWin в [http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/KWin TechBase].

== Удобные возможности ==

Click with your right mouse button on a window decoration or use [[Special:myLanguage/System Settings|System Settings]] to access the new and easier configuration of '''KWin'''. Here you can enable effects to more efficiently manage your windows. You can for example use the '''Present Windows''' as the effect for window switching. Instead of showing you icons or very small previews of your applications, it arranges them in a grid so you can quickly choose the right one. Just use the <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keysequence and keep the <keycap>Alt</keycap> key pressed. You can now use tab to switch through the windows or just activate the right one using the mouse. Hitting <keycap>Alt-Tab</keycap> keys quickly will show you the next window in the queue, just like it used to.

If your X server already supports compositing, switching it on is as easy as opening System Settings, opening the <menuchoice>Worskpace Appearance and Behaviour</menuchoice> module, choosing <menuchoice>Desktop Effects</menuchoice> and enabling the checkbox <menuchoice>Enable desktop effects at startup</menuchoice>. More advanced compositing settings (such as ''Use VSync'', ''Scale method'', ''Compositing type'') are available through the <menuchoice>Advanced</menuchoice> dialog. Customising the behaviour of the KWin effects means opening the <menuchoice>All effects</menuchoice> tab, and choosing the plugins you want to use. Please note that only a subset of the plugins works with ''XRender''-based compositing. For the full experience, you need to use OpenGL mode.

Employing motion physics, '''KWin''' provides your windows with a more natural feel. New desktop effects like the '''Cube''' desktop switcher and '''Magic Lamp''' minimize animation have been added. Improvements in the existing effects make window management smoother than ever. KWin has seen many performance improvements to enable these effects even on low-end hardware. Elaborate checks have been build in to ensure users with low-end hardware are not presented with an unusable setup. KWin detects the capabilities of the hardware and if needed gracefully scales its effects down. You can take control and disable these checks or change settings like the global animation speed to fine-tune your experience. When your computer is under heavy load, '''KWin''' will automatically disable the compositing temporarily to keep things running smoothly. It will notify you if it does so, and you can re-enable compositing by pressing <keycap>Shift+Alt+F12</keycap>. Finally, support for multiple screen handling has been improved in '''KWin''' using the new '''Kephal''' library. You can move maximized windows between '''Xinerama''' screens and the addition of external screens is handled correctly.

More information about what was introduced in KDE SC 4.9 can be found at the following link:

* [http://blog.martin-graesslin.com/blog/2012/09/performance-improvements-in-kwin-4-9-2-and-4-10 kwin improvements]

== Tutorials ==

===You want an application to launch in a specific size and position every time===

[[Image:KWin_Settings_Geometry.png|thumb|400px|center|Size and Position]]

Sometimes the screen position of an application is vital to your comfort, so use the flexibility of '''KWin''' to make sure it's always where you want it.

Position the window where you want it to open, then right-click on the title-bar, choosing <menuchoice>Advanced -> Special Window Settings</menuchoice>.  This will open a settings window, with appropriate entries already made.  All you need to do now is select the <menuchoice>Size & Position</menuchoice> tab and check <menuchoice>Position</menuchoice> and <menuchoice>Size</menuchoice>.  OK - you are finished!

===Script the window manager from the command line===

Use the [http://www.kde-apps.org/content/show.php/WMIface?content=40425 '''WMIface'''] utility.

=== Настройка расположения кнопок заголовка окна ===

[[Image:KWin_Configure_Buttons.png|thumb|400px|center|Configure Buttons]]

Take a look at <menuchoice>System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations -> Buttons</menuchoice> tab. The options open to you may depend on your distribution or theme, and it's clear that there is more to come.

To simply move things around you work with the specimen titlebar.  Drag icons there to where you want to see them.

You may find that you have other icons available to you.  A circle indicates that the button will set that window on all desktops.  Another icon that you may find useful is Shade - a toggle between rolled up (titlebar only visible) and normal view.  These icons are added by dragging from the text description window onto the speciman title bar - just position them as you want to use them.

=== Если вы предпочитаете классический рабочий стол в стиле KDE3 ===

{|
|[[File:Plasma_howto-thumbnail-45.png|link=http://userbase.kde.org/images.userbase/e/ea/Plasma_howto-desktop-traditional-45.gif]]
|-
|align="center"|Change to traditional desktop
|}

Right-click on your desktop - select <menuchoice>Desktop Settings</menuchoice> (or <menuchoice>Appearance Settings</menuchoice>, in some distros).  Change the <menuchoice>Layout:</menuchoice> from <menuchoice>Desktop</menuchoice> to <menuchoice>Folder View</menuchoice>.  The whole desktop is now a folderview, and another right-click on the desktop will allow you to select <menuchoice>FolderView Settings</menuchoice>.  Set the folderview to the directory you want to use as your desktop.

=== Запуск приложения сразу на другом рабочем столе ===

Используйте команду наподобие этой:

{{Input|1=kstart5 --desktop 4 kate}}
<span id="Using with small screens (eg Netbooks)"></span>
== Работа с маленькими экранами (например нетбуки) ==

=== Сделайте оформление окна поменьше ===

[[Image:KWin_Small_Decorations.png|thumb|400px|center|Breeze, Plastik, and Oxygen Styles]]

<menuchoice>System Settings -> Application Style -> Window Decorations</menuchoice> tab. Two good options there:

[[Image:KWin_Breeze_Small.png|thumb|300px|center|Configure Breeze Style]]

* Using the default style (Breeze), select <menuchoice>Configure Decoration</menuchoice> and set <menuchoice>Button size</menuchoice> to <menuchoice>Tiny</menuchoice> or <menuchoice>Small</menuchoice>.
* Using an other style, with smaller windows decorations.

Both routes will give you slim and functional window titles and borders.

=== Измените базовые шрифты ===

On many netbooks the screen is very clear, so that reading fonts much smaller than you expect is feasible.  On Acer Aspire One I find that 8 point is a good base settings.

=== Сделайте чтобы '''Firefox''' использовал шрифты меньшего размера ===

Experimentation with <menuchoice>about:config</menuchoice> did not bring satisfactory results.  Do this instead.  Download and install '''gtk-chtheme''' from [http://plasmasturm.org/code/gtk-chtheme/ this website].  Using that tool you can either set a specific font size, or better still, tell it to use your KDE desktop settings.  This will work with '''Firefox''' as well as any gtk applications that you use.

=== Заголовки писем в KMail занимают слишком много места ===

Смотрите [[Special:myLanguage/KMail/FAQs_Hints_and_Tips#Get_more_screen_space_in_KMail|этот FAQ]], чтобы исправить это.

=== Всплывающие подсказки в списке папок KMail слишком велики и скрывают имена папок ===

Смотрите [[Special:myLanguage/KMail/FAQs_Hints_and_Tips#Un-configure_KMail_folder_tool_tips|этот FAQ]], чтобы изменить их поведение.

===Gallery===
[[Special:myLanguage/KWin/Gallery|The Gallery]] holds many screenshots of past and present desktops and effects.

=== Troubleshoot Graphics Problems ===

Curing graphics problems depends on knowing the correct drivers for your graphics card.  Learn more about this on the [[Special:myLanguage/Desktop_Effects_Performance|Desktop Effects Performance]] page.

=== Defining Window Rules ===

There is a tutorial on defining your own rules for the behaviour of specific windows on the [[Special:myLanguage/KWin Rules|KWin Rules]] pages.

== More Information ==

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWin Wikipedia]
* [https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Window_manager Window manager] (Arch Linux Wiki)
* [[Special:myLanguage/Tutorials/Using Other Window Managers with Plasma|Using Other Window Managers with Plasma]]

[[Category:Рабочий стол/ru]]