Hvad er en distribution

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Revision as of 11:35, 21 August 2011 by Claus chr (talk | contribs) (Importing a new version from external source)

Hvad er en distribution (distro)

Linux er anderledes - men vær ikke nervøs

Der er et helt nyt sporg - men du kan lære det hen ad vejen, efterhånden som du får behov. Denne side prøver at forklare nogel ting som er helt anderledes, så du umiddelbart kan føle dig mere tryg.

Hvad er så en distro?

Der findes ingen sammenligning fra Windows-verdnen. Grundlaget for enhver distribution er Lniux-kernen, som ofte opdateres men er den samme for alle. Oven på den er der andre lag, som kan påvirke, hvordan dit skrivebord ser ud. De færreste ønsker selv at tage alle disse beslutninger - og det kræver en masse teknisk kunnen selv at sætte et skrivebord op fra grunden af. Det er her distributionerne kommer ind i billedet. Tænk på det i mærkenavns-termer. Du kan have Mageia, Fedora, Debian, Kubuntu eller en af mange andre. Alle udbyder de dig de samme programmer - du vil kunne følge vores vejledninger i dem alle - men de vil have hver sin fremtræden, og undertider er der små forskelle.

Når du støder på en forskel og ikke ved, hvad du skal gøre

Hvis du oplever, at instruktionerne ikke virker for dig, så besøg forumet og spørg. Der vil være nogen, som kan hjælpe dig med forskellighederne.

Hvis du har det bedre med at stille spørgsmål i en chat, så kan Hvordan du chatter med andre KDE-brugere hjælpe dig i gang med at chatte

What distributions are there?

There are too many distros to be listed here, and new ones keeps popping up. If you want a comprehensive overview of Linux distributions, try DistroWatch.

The number of distributions is overwhelming, but don't worry. Unless you have very specific needs, most distros should be fine. Things to look out for are:

  • Does the distro support my hardware?
  • Has it been updated recently - say, within the last year or so?
  • Is the software I want easily available (i.e. in the repositories so you don't have to compile it yourself) and well integrated in the system.
  • Does it support my native language?

It can be difficult to find all the information you need from the distro homepages. Fortunately, many distros support Live CDs allowing you to test before installing.

How to make installation media

The most common method to get a distribution is to download it from the distributions homepage. Beware, that distributions are large - typically 500 MB to 4 GB, so you need a fast web connection. Alternatively, some distributions offer to ship an installation CD or DVD for a small charge. Also some Linux magazines come with a DVD, and often carry a full distro. Perhaps the easiest solution is to ask a friend - if you know any Linux users. Most distros are open source, so it is perfectly legal to copy and redistribute them.

If you downloaded the distro, what you have is one large iso file. Now you have to burn a CD, DVD or USB drive. It is important that you don't burn it like any ordinary CD/DVD. Your burning software should have a special option for burning images (or iso files).

Note

Bootable media are quite sensitive about the quality of the burning. You may need to set the burning speed in the settings of your burning application to a low number, such as 4x.