Archive:Http://userbase.kde.org/Akonadi 4.4/Troubleshooting/zh-cn

介绍

这个页面的内容主要关注于Akonadi的故障解决，因为在迁移的早期阶段一些故障是不可避免的。对于许多人来说，将会在KDE SC 4.4第一次注意到Akonadi活动,许多人可能会对它感到困惑。如需Akonadi用途的简要说明，参见这个术语条目。你也会找到一些有用的链接来作进一步的阅读。一旦这些初期不可避免的问题被解决了，Akonadi将会为许多应用程序提供动力来源。

理解结构

你当然能简单的用 Kontact 管理所有的通讯录，但如果你有个准备好的备份系统，比如说，你会想知道你的数据在哪，以及它是如何处理的。这个 Akonadi 和通讯录 页面会帮助你。

故障排除的提示

• 当报告Akonadi服务器的问题时，请总是附上完整的自检报告。这个报告可以从自检对话框获取，这个对话框在Akonadi无法成功启动时总是会出现。你也可以在kcmmodule当中找到这个自检对话框，这个kcmmodule使用 通过'kcmshell4 kcm_akonadi'就可以访问。

• 从手工命令行启动Akonadi服务器可以获得一些额外的有用信息。这可以通过在终端执行akonadictl start来完成，类似地使用akonadictl stop可以停止Akonadi服务器。akonadictl status给出更多有用的信息。

常见问题

Kontact无法启动 - 并且它没有显示任何信息

如果Kontact无法启动，并且你没有看到任何错误信息，请检查Akonadi是否在运行。Akonadi应该按要求启动了，但是目前(2010年1月)它并没有。如果你有任何已经迁移了的资源（最有可能的就是KAddressBook），你必须在启动Kontact之前启动它。使用Akonadi托盘图标来启动它。

Kontact 无法启动 - 版本 II

Kontact 已知某次更新后会遇到这问题。如果发生这种情况，试下从 KRunner（或 Konsole）启动 KMail，KOrganizer 或其它任何程序。它们会作为独立程序运行，很有可能你会找到出错的地方。主要影响 4.4.0 版本。

未找到文件夹："/Local"

许多人都已经报告了这个错误，当Kontact无法启动时。看起来在迁移过程中有一个bug，它告诉KMail在/home/anne/.local/share/Local查找本地的邮件，而这个目录并不存在。解决这个问题的方法并不是试图修正它，而是在KMail/Kontact关闭时，打开Akonadi控制台 (使用krunner，Alt-F2，或者在konsole中输入'akonadiconsole')，并且将说明是本地邮件的资源移除。你现在应该可以发现你可以启动Kontact或者KMail了，并且一个新的资源会被创建，指向/home/anne/.local/share/local-mail。

在~/.local/share/下有一些新目录

是的。如果你的联系人被正确的迁移，那么一个新的资源将会在~/.local/share/contacts/被创建。

/usr/bin/akonadi_maildir_resource和/usr/bin/akonadi_maildispatcher_agent是什么？

akonadi_maildir_resource由akonadi_maildispatcher_agent自动创建，后者总是随着Akonadi服务器一起启动，它提供了所有基于Akonadi(和将要基于)邮件程序所使用的基本功能(例如发送邮件)。因此这两个程序同时运行是没有问题的，作为一般用户可以忽略它们。 这个自动生成的akonadi_maildir_resource将总是指向~/.local/share/local-mail/这个目录，这个目录是你的'本地文件夹'账户，你的本地目录和邮件将会存放在这里。

目前，在KDE SC 4.4中，邮件还没有被迁移。

Nepomuk Indexing Agents Disabled

Kontact 当前能工作，但你总是会看到这个提示：

这个提示最常见的原因是「系统设置」中禁用了 Nepomuk。请打开「系统设置」中的 高级/桌面搜索/基本设置，勾选「启用 Nepomuk 语义学桌面」，点「应用」启用它。

如果还是没效果（或是提示错误时选项已经勾选了），要是你之前用过 KDE SC 4.4的测试版，有可能是受数据层变动的影响（由于 Virtuoso 数据服务器从版本 5 升级到版本 6；KDE SC 4.4 的正式版预设随 Virtuoso 版本 6 一起）。下列命令应该会让它重新正常工作：

qdbus org.kde.NepomukServer /nepomukserver org.kde.NepomukServer.quit

rm -r .kde/share/apps/nepomuk

nepomukserver

注意上列命令不会永久启用 Nepomuk，你必须用「系统设置」启用 Nepomuk。

Nepomuk 运行以便 Akonadi 正常工作，Akonadi 工作正常，Kontact 才能运行正常。 但是，你可以禁用 Strigi 文件索引器，Kontact 不需要它。Strigi 文件索引器只是用在桌面搜索中，与 Kontact 无关。只需要确保 Nepomuk 本身正常运行保证 Kontact 的正常工作。

Kontact 中，很多不同的地方都用到了 Nepomuk，从显示即将到的生日，处理空闲/忙碌列表，到在信息浏览器中显示联系人照片。如果 Nepomuk 没有运行，Kontact 中多个不同的地方都会停止工作。提示就是警告你功能的减少。如上面所述启用 Nepomuk 会修复这个问题。

你可以通过输入akonadictl status检查 Nepomuk 是否正确运行。

I want to use my current Address Book and Organizer - Can I?

Yes. When you use the Akonadi Console to add a resource it allows you to choose as Standard Addressbook - point that to your std.vcf should work fine. Migration does not destroy your old addressbook. You can continue to use it, though you will lose any benefits that Akonadi can bring. Alternatively you can have both an Akonadi addressbook and your original one, for a time, if you feel safer that way.

I can't see any details in my Address Book

At the moment, the cause of this is not identified, but the cure is simple. Close Kontact, and start KAddressBook as a stand-alone application. After you close it you will be able to use it within Kontact. It seems that something is not being triggered when Kontact launches, and I expect this to be identified and fixed soon. This seems to mainly affect version 4.4.0.

My contacts don't show when I use the Select button in KMail

Check System Settings > Advanced tab > KDE Resources. Make sure that your Akonadi controlled address book(s) are listed there - add them if necessary. At the same time, it's a good idea to make your main Akonadi addressbook, usually called Personal Contacts, is set to be the default. More details of how this can be found in here.

How do I get my Groupware addressbook back?

Two solutions: using the old framework or the new one.

Old framework: In akonadiconsole, add a "KDE Address Book (traditional)". The KDE Address Book means you can set up old kresources for Akonadi. In the configuration of "KDE Address Book (traditional)", you point it to an "IMAP over KMail" KResource and in KMail, the groupware options should be enabled. This should work for Kolab, eGroupware and similar addressbooks - you will need to check the options to make sure that the correct type is selected.

New framework (only tested with Kolab): In the Akonadi configuration module (run 'kcmshell4 kcm_akonadi' to see it), add an "IMAP E-Mail Server" resource, and set up your mail server name, username and password, then click Auto-Detect. Then add a Kolab resource. The next step is to wait for the imap resource to synchronize, this can take quite a long time. The status will appear in the Akonadi configuration module. If nothing happens, try restarting akonadiserver. After some time the Kolab addressbook(s) should appear in KAddressBook.

You experience long delays when sending mail

This is accompanied by KMail freezing until the mail is actually dispatched.

A bug has been found in the way Nepomuk checks addresses, which can cause huge delays. This is fixed for SC 4.4.1. If you cannot get 4.4.1 yet, there is this work-around:

Close Kontact or KMail and KAddressbook if you are running stand-alone apps. Disable Strigi in SystemSettings. Stop Nepomuk, delete the database and restart nepomukserver. The actual commands you need are (as user)

qdbus org.kde.NepomukServer /nepomukserver org.kde.NepomukServer.quit

rm -r ~/.kde/share/apps/nepomuk

rm -r ~/.kde4/share/apps/nepomuk

nepomukserver

This will, of course, wipe out all the database, including any tags you've added. In theory, I understand that it's possible to do a more selective wipe of the database. If this matters to you you can find the instructions at this page

Some Technical Issues

Nepomuk

Starting with KDE 4.4, it is required that Nepomuk is running in order for Akonadi to work correctly. Akonadi will check this and display an error dialog on startup if this is not the case.

Nepomuk only works with the Virtuoso backend. You can check whether the Nepomuk is running with the correct backend by using the Akonadi self-test dialog, as described above.

Although Nepomuk is required to be running, you can still disable Strigi file indexing, which is usually the most resource-intensive part of the Nepomuk framework.

Apparmor

Some distributions using Apparmor have it set up in a way that prevents Akonadi from running its internal database server. This can result in a variety of fuzzy error messages, including but not limited to the following:

• unknown error 255 when running akonadictl
• "DB error: 'Could not open required defaults file: /home/$username/.local/share/akonadi/mysql.conf"

You can solve this by running aa-complain mysqld with root privileges then reload apparmor. On Kubuntu this is:

sudo aa-complain mysqld
sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor reload

Note that you might be using Apparmor even if it does not show up in the process list.

Also note that some distributions ship an additional mysqld binary called mysqld-akonadi which has AppArmor set up correctly. If that's the case on your system and you see this problem nevertheless, there are two possible reasons:

• Akonadi still uses mysqld instead of mysqld-akonadi. You can change that in Systemsettings -> Advanced -> Akonadi -> Server configuration.
• AppArmor is not setup correctly for mysqld-akonadi either. Try running the aa-complain command noted above with mysqld-akonadi instead of mysqld.

---

You will also experience this problem if you are running an encrypted home directory using encryptfs combined with AppArmor as the Akonadi apparmor profile currently does not account for an ecrypted home (common with Ubuntu Jaunty users). Error messages with include:

• dmesg produces:

     ecryptfs_do_create: Failure to create dentry in lower fs; rc = [-13]
     ecryptfs_create: Failed to create file inlower filesystem

• Akonadi will list the following errors:

     Akonadi server process not registered at D-Bus

The fix is to edit the following file "/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld-akonadi". Below the line:

      @{HOME}/.local/share/akonadi/** rwk,

Add a new line:

      @{HOME}/.Private/** rwk,

Restart apparmor and restart akonadi.

Missing Prerequisite

To use Akonadi you need to have the following packages installed (names might differ depending on your distribution):

• The MySQL server (called mysql on openSUSE)
• The Qt4 MySQL plugin (called libqt4-sql-mysql on openSUSE)

If you compile Qt4 yourself, make sure to tell the configure script to build in MySQL support by passing it the '-plugin-sql-mysql' option. If configure cannot locate the necessary MySQL client code (i.e, says "MySQL support cannot be enabled due to functionality tests") then ensure that the corresponding package is installed (typically called [lib]mysql[client]-dev[el]). Also, depending on the install location of the MySQL headers, additional parameters to configure might be needed (eg. -I /usr/include/mysql on OpenSuse).

If you get the Qt4 direct from Nokia, such as a download of

 qt-sdk-linux-x86_64-opensource-2009.05.bin

you will ( by the command "akonadictl start") get an error at Test 1:

 Database driver not found.
 Details: The QtSQL driver 'QMYSQL' is required by your current Akonadi server configuration.
 The following drivers are installed: QSQLITE.
 Make sure the required driver is installed.

The driver you need is libqsqlmysql.so

Unfortunately this driver is not part of the distribution (until january 2010). You need to compile the source. Download it

 qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.6.0.tar.bz

configure and make as above. But the make install doesn't copy the driver. So you have to copy it by yourself:

cp <qt-src-dir>/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-4.6.0/plugins/sqldrivers/libqsqlmysql.so /usr/local/bin/sqldrivers/

But the Revision 4.6.1, such as qt-sdk-linux-x86_64-opensource-2010.xx.bin has the driver you needed.

Environment Setup

The Akonadi server searches for Akonadi agents and resources in the paths defined in the XDG_DATA_DIRS environment variable. If Akonadi complains about not finding agents or resources, check if this variable is set correctly. Also keep in mind that even if set in a current console session, it might not have been set when starting the server. Starting the server manually in the current console session excludes this cause.

mysqld: unknown variable 'innodb_file_per_table=1'

If the MySQL server log contains the following error: [ERROR] /usr/libexec/mysqld: unknown variable 'innodb_file_per_table=1' [ERROR] Aborting

then your MySQL server was built without the InnoDB support which is required by Akonadi.

Table 'mysql. servers' doesn't exist

If MySQL server log contains the following error: [ERROR] Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.servers' doesn't exist [ERROR] Cannot open mysql.db [ERROR] Cannot open mysql.user [ERROR] Cannot open mysql.event then, most probably, you don't have your MySQL configuration file in place. Copy it from /usr/share/config/akonadi/mysql-global.conf into ~/.config/akonadi/mysql-local.conf. (For debian and openSuSE users the file ist located in /etc/akonadi/mysql-global.conf). Then open it and uncomment the line sql_mode=strict_trans_tables. If, after that, you get the following errors: [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' init function returned error. [ERROR] Plugin 'InnoDB' registration as a STORAGE ENGINE failed. [ERROR] Unknown/unsupported table type: innodb [ERROR] Aborting then in the same file find the line that starts just like the one above (which you have uncommented), but has additional parameters, separated by commas (something like sql_mode=strict_trans_tables,strict_all_tables, ...etc). Comment the shorter sql_mode=... line and uncomment the longer one.

On openSUSE 11.2 running the command mysql_install_db --datadir=$HOME/.local/share/akonadi/db_data/ will fix this problem.

Kubuntu 10.4 Upgrade

This is a summary of other entries here for those upgrading from Kubuntu 9.10 to 10.4 who may have been using a personal package archive (PPA) for KDE 4.3 for bug fixes.

Install missing prerequisites. Remove previous akonadi cache. Start the akonadi service. Install the database. Upgrade the database. Stop and restart the akonadi service.

sudo apt-get install virtuoso-server mysql-server-5.1

rm -r $HOME/.local/share/akonadi

akonadictl start

mysql_install_db --datadir=$HOME/.local/share/akonadi/db_data/

mysql_upgrade --socket=$HOME/.local/share/akonadi/db_misc/mysql.socket

akonadictl stop

akonadictl start

The mysql_install_db command above will report something like what follows, which you can safely ignore: Installing MySQL system tables... 100501 18:04:30 [Warning] Can't create test file /home/[userid]/.local/share/akonadi/db_data/[hostname].lower-test

Reference: forum.kde.org Akonadi 1.2.1 - some issues

KAddressBook upgrade

In addition to the Kubuntu 10.4 remedy above, problems trying to add a Vcard directory may require

rm -rf $HOME/.config/akonadi

while Akonadi is not running.

Can't initialize character set latin1

If you get the following error when starting Akonadi:

Character set 'latin1' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file Nepomuk QueryServer interface not available! Connecting to deprecated signal QDBusConnectionInterface::serviceOwnerChanged(QString,QString,QString) DataStore::unhideAllPimItems() Character set 'latin1' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml' file Database error: Cannot open database. Last driver error: "QMYSQL: Unable to connect" Last database error: "Can't initialize character set latin1 (path: /usr/share/mysql/charsets/)" Database error: Cannot open database. Last driver error: "QMYSQL: Unable to connect" Last database error: "Can't initialize character set latin1 (path: /usr/share/mysql/charsets/)"

then you're probably using a MySQL server which has a version > 5.1.42. There is a known regression in MySQL 5.1.43 and 5.1.44 which prevents MySQL from starting.

See the bug report for more details.

Restarting after a previous error

If you had problems starting Akonadi and fixed those (such as a missing package or the Apparmor problem) make sure that the Akonadi server is completely shut down before trying to start it again, by calling akonadictl stop on the command line. You can confirm that it was indeed shut down completely by running akonadictl status.

Under some circumstances the Akonadi server can be stuck in a partially running state after a failure which will prevent the next attempt to start it to fail as well. Please file a bug report if you run into this problem including the self-test report of the initial problem.

The so-called "Gentoo-Assert"

That's an especially nasty problem that so far only affects users of source-based distributions, most prominently Gentoo. It is named after MySQL assertions like the following example and is most likely caused by a MySQL protocol mismatch between the MySQL server and the client library or the Qt MySQL driver.

akonadiserver: libmysql.c:4301: setup_one_fetch_function: Assertion

`param->buffer_length != 0' failed.

It is extremely hard to diagnose as the assertion mentioned above are only triggered sometimes. Instead you'll get a wide range of weird symptoms:

• ASAP protocol logs show successful creation of objects which are supposedly no longer available when the next commands accesses them again.
• SQL protocol logs show INSERT or UPDATE commands with values that mismatch the corresponding column types and nevertheless succeed.
• SQL protocol logs showing large apparently random record ids which are nevertheless considered valid.

References:

• http://forum.kde.org/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=61738
• http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=267513
• https://bugs.kde.org/202623 (contains a possible solution)
• http://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=78358

Possible solution: Rebuild the Qt MySQL driver after upgrading MySQL (which most likely caused this problem in the first place).