কে-মেইল/পিজিপি মাইম

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কে-মেইলে জিপিজি ব্যবহার করে স্বাক্ষরিত বার্তা সেট আপ করা হচ্ছে

ফজর প্রিয়ন্তো কর্তৃক, ২০০৪ (শেষ আপডেট ২০১৯)

আপনার চাবি তৈরি করা, ব্যাক-আপ করা এবং প্রকাশ করা

1. You're going to need the gpg program. It's already being installed by default.

2. Create your own key (type this as yourself, not root):

gpg --gen-key

Follow the instructions, it's very clear and easy.

3. Check that it's already created:

gpg --list-key

You will see something like this with your own credentials:

pub   rsa4096 2004-03-15 [SC]
      D9C687FBA8DB7AB93E06E737931BC29844664E2D
uid           [ultimate] Fajar Priyanto <[email protected]>
sub   rsa4096 2004-03-15 [E]

4. Now, in order to export your public key:

gpg --armor --output fajar-pub.key --export [email protected]

A file called fajar-pub.key will be created in the current directory. This is a copy of your public key. This is also the file that people must import to verify your signed emails. You can publish it in keyservers around the world, or you can send it directly to the people requesting it, or you can place it in your website for others to download.

If you look inside the file, it will be like this:

-- --BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-- --

mQGiBEBVTw8RBACaYvnDkgqNWyktg3urdE9mrpv63x3Iux2zVkuZk8pIRp5HeR/V

[snip snip...]

B394acuU4FdGN/EynYUAn1aRvNmgs0/IU2MDzYQpbHIaqpkE

=RIZC

-- --END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-- --

Also, you might want to back up your secret key to a secure medium (not just one floppy: this will get damaged), you can use the following command:

$ gpg --armor --output secret.asc --export-secret-keys [email protected]

This will create a textfile containing your secret or private key, with the filename secret.asc. Do not hand it to someone you do not trust 100%. Hide it in a safe place (or better, more than one).

Finally, it is advisable to generate a revocation certificate and store it in a safe place away from your secret key. In case your secret key gets into the wrong hands, you can revoke it so it can not easily be abused by others. The command to do this is

$ gpg --armor --output revoker.asc --gen-revoke [email protected]

This will create a textfile with the name revoker.asc containing the revocation certificate.

Setting up Kmail to sign emails using your gpg key

Fire up Kmail, and go to Settings -> Configure KMail -> Accounts -> Identities
Choose the identity that you are using
Then click Modify -> Cryptography -> OpenPGP signing key
It will automatically show your gpg key, that is 'Your Name <[email protected]>
If it will not, click No key, and choose your key
Now, set up Kmail to automatically sign all emails that you write using your key
Still in the Cryptography tab, tick Automatically sign messages
In the Kmail Configure menu, go to Security -> Composing
Tick mark these:
1. Store sent messages encrypted,
2. Always show the encryption key for approval,
Exit the configuration menu by clicking OK.

Testing Kmail by creating a new message

You will notice that there is a Sign Message banner. It's already active.

Write your message and when you are done, send it.
Kmail will ask for you to type the secret passphrase that you made during the gpg --gen-key step. Type it in, and then Kmail will show you a confirmation window of the signed message. Click OK to send it.
If you test it by sending to yourself, you will notice that Kmail displays the message with a GREEN header, with words like this: Message was signed by Fajar Priyanto (Knowledge is power! http://linux.arinet.org) (Key ID: 0x85EEC6A5). The signature is valid and the key is ultimately trusted.
People that have your public key will have that display also, but those who don't have the key, will have the message displayed in yellow with words like this: Message was signed with unknown key 0xBFE7357F. The validity of the signature cannot be verified.

CONGRATULATIONS!

You now can communicate in a more secure way if you want to. I know this how-to is very short and might not be very clear. Well, please give me suggestions and I will improve it when the time comes. Also I intend to write the second part of this topic which covers how to ENCRYPT messages, import other public keys, and install Crypto Plug-ins. Special thanks to Tim Sawchuck and Philip Cronje and all my friends in the Mandrake List.

Issues

Messages signed by a key already known display correctly in KMail, but new keys were not being imported, and you can't sign messages. The culprit is a missing package. Installing pinentry-qt (you may need pinentry-qt4) appears to solve both problems.

KMail no longer does in-line signatures. GnuPG has to be used instead. KGPG is a useful application that helps in the management of signatures, both your own and those collected.

Note

To be sure the "passphrase agent" (gpg-agent) is enabled, check your ~/.gnupg/gpg.conf and eventually uncomment the line containing "use-agent".
In KMail's Settings -> Configure KMail -> Security tab -> Miscellaneous, select GnuPG Settings, then Configure. On the GPG Agent page, give a path to which logs can be written (Write server mode logs to FILE), in case of problems. You can check the log in KMail's Tools -> Filter Log Viewer. It's probably a good idea, too, to increase the cache time - I use 3600.

Warning

The following startup and shutdown scripts may be already in use from your distro, but not written in this path. Do not install these scripts unless you have problems with startup and shutdown

If you do not have it already, in ~/.config/plasma-workspace create a directory called env. In there, create a file called gpgagent.sh containing

#!/bin/bash
killall gpg-agent
eval `gpg-agent --daemon`

Save it and make it executable.

In the same way you would clean up gpg-agent on shutdown, so if you do not have it already, create another directory called shutdown into ~/.config/plasma-workspace and create in it another script file called stop_gpgagent.sh containing

#!/bin/bash
killall gpg-agent

Save it and make it executable.

Troubleshooting Tips

ps -edalf | grep gpg-agent

will list any running instances of gpg-agent.

killall gpg-agent

stops all instances

eval "$(gpg-agent --daemon)"

will restart the agent

gpg-agent status

should tell you if the agent is running.

More Information

The Overview page has more hints and tips.
GnuPG website
GnuPG manual
GnuPG guide