Plasma/Krunner/zh-cn

KRunner 是默认的启动器，通过叫 "runners" 的扩展可以完成程序启动这个功能以外的其他任务。

Note

You may need to install additional KRunner addons package depending on your distribution to use some of the functionalities listed here. Note that a large number of active addons may slow down the start of KRunner, adjust this by clicking the wrench icon.

特性

This woefully incomplete list attempts to present some basic examples of KRunner use. Discover more by clicking on the '?' icon in KRunner.

Start and stop applications

You can launch programs by simply typing the name of the application you want to launch - or even simpler: press the down-arrow key for list of most recently used programs you typed in beforehand.

You may type a single character and KRunner will start finding matches. Matches will be found to applications from your easily customizable applications menu (for that, right-click in menu).

Examples:

Input	Output
gwe	(starts Gwenview)

You can use KRunner to kill applications, too. Type in the keyword kill followed by a process name and KRunner will provide options to close the application (SIGTERM) or forcibly quit it (SIGKILL). KRunner will match partial process names to running processes.

Note that the keyword kill can be changed in the "Terminate Applications" runner to avoid confusion with the shell command kill which accepts process IDs.

Direct installation

In case that you look for an application that has not been installed yet, KRunner will suggest a set of applications that match your search. In specific, since KRunner has been integrated with Plasma Software Center, Discover, will present you a list of applications, enabling you to proceed to direct installation.

Issue (shell) commands

In addition to applications listed in the applications menu, KRunner can also be used to run shell commands, including launching binaries. Note that when entering shell commands, KRunner will not accept partial commands or offer command auto completion.

Running a command like this brings up a wrench icon which offers additional options. You can choose to spawn a terminal and run the command there (this can be useful if your command produces text output that you want to read), or choose to run the program as a different user (by providing the username and password of that user).

Examples:

Input	Output
ls ~/Documents	lists contents of ~/Documents (preferably in a terminal)
cp ~/Documents/myFile ~/myFile	copies myFile from ~/Documents to ~/
mplayer myMovie.mkv	plays myMovie.mkv in mplayer

Incidentally, if the command line is your thing, you may appreciate the built in integration to man pages. Simply type a command name preceded by a # or man:/ to open the man page formatted for easy readability in your browser.

Examples:

Input	Output
#ls	opens the manual for ls in a browser
man:/grep	opens the manual for grep in a browser

Browse websites

You can simply start typing the URL of a website to open it in your default browser. You may even type in the name of a browser bookmark and KRunner will open it for you. If you have visited the website in the past, KRunner can fetch you results from your browser's history, too.

Examples:

Input	Output
myBookmark	opens the bookmark in a browser
kde.org	opens the KDE homepage in a browser
http://userbase.kde.org/	opens Userbase in a browser

KRunner already knows your Web Shortcuts, found in Plasma System Settings, so you can directly start using them.

Examples:

Input	Output
gg:KDE	searches Google for KDE
wp:krunner	searches Wikipedia for krunner

KRunner also provides options to download files from the web using KGet by providing their URL.

Additional runners exist for fast searching on Wikipedia, Wikitravel and KDE Techbase.

Open files, folders and devices

KRunner can also open files and directories on your local machine for you. If you want to browse remote machines, you can do that, too. Notice how KRunner uses kioslaves for ssh (fish:) and samba (smb:).

Examples:

Input	Output
file:/home/	opens file:///home/ (the Home directory) in Dolphin
file:myMovie.mkv	opens /home/myMovie.mkv
fish:[email protected]	opens fish:/[email protected]/ via fish (file over ssh) protocol
smb:myWindowsBox	opens smb:/myWindowsBox via Samba

If you don't know the path to a file, simply type the name of the file. If the file is a recently opened document, KRunner will list it for you. If you have enabled "File Search" provided by Baloo daemon, you can also search your computer for the file by its indexed contents. KRunner will also open folders you've bookmarked in Dolphin (in your Places sidebar) if you type their name in. What's more, if you want to access devices on your system (both mounted and unmounted), you can do that, too. KRunner will even provide device-specific options.

Examples:

Input	Output
Home	opens the Home directory in Dolphin
myFlashDrive	shows options to mount or open the contents of myFlashDrive

Multitask with sessions, windows, desktops and activities

Several KDE applications allow you to save and load sessions. KRunner allows you to launch these sessions. You can either type in the name of the application or directly type in the name of the session. Runners exist for opening sessions saved in Kate, Konqueror, Konsole, etc.

KRunner is a multitasker's dream. If you have too many windows open, just type in the title of the window and switch directly to it. You can similarly type in the name of a virtual desktop and switch directly to it. If you roll with activities, switch activities by typing their name in. KRunner will find a match as soon as you type three characters in.

KRunner will even switch desktop sessions for you. Type in the keyword switch or new session to start a separate X session. You can switch back and forth between sessions by using the switch keyword.

Examples:

Input	Output
Desktop 1	switches the virtual desktop to Desktop 1
myWorkActivity	switches the activity to myWorkActivity
switch	shows options to switch to an existing session or start a new one
new session	starts a new session

Several plasma widgets can be launched as windowed applications. You can simply type the name of a widget and KRunner will launch a window for you.

Talk to people

Type in the name of a contact in your KAddressBook to get a list of options to contact them. Typing in an email address into KRunner will open a KMail composer window. You can also search through contacts in your Kopete contact list.

The addressbook and kopete runners don't seem to be working in SC 4.8.

Examples:

Input	Output
[email protected]	compose a mail to the KDE mailing list
myContact	show options to contact myContact

Listen to some music

You can control any modern audio player such as Amarok using KRunner. You can use several keywords (all configurable) to play, pause or skip songs. Typing in the name of an artist, album or song that is in Amarok's library will let you either play immediately, play next (queue) or play at the end (append) of the current playlist. You can use keywords to increase or decrease the volume of the player, or even to mute or quit it.

Examples:

Input	Output
play song search	plays a song immediately
pause	pauses Amarok or your designated music player
next	plays next song in playlist

Be on time

You can get the current date or time by typing in the keywords date or time. Selecting the result will copy it to your clipboard so you can paste it elsewhere. The format of the date and time respects your system settings.

Examples:

Input	Output
date	Today's date is ...
time	The current time is ...

You can even get the date and time at another location by specifying the time zone or the city listed in the TZ database.

Examples:

Input	Output
time UTC	The current time in UTC is ...
time oslo	The current time in Europe/Oslo is ...
time kolkata	The current time in Asia/Kolkata is ...

There is a runner for interfacing with Korganizer and fetching events, but it doesn't seem to be working in SC 4.8.

Calculator

KRunner features a very versatile calculator that can be called by starting or ending a calculation with an = sign. In addition to basic arithmetic, you can call scientific functions like sqrt(), sin(), log(), etc. A list of the supported functions is here. Note that trigonometric functions like sin(), cos(), etc expect the angle in radians. KRunner understands pi in expressions.

Examples:

Input	Output
32*12 =	384
= sqrt(4) + 32*sin(30*pi/180)	18

KRunner also supports combinatorics functions, like perm() or comb().

Examples:

Input	Output
= perm(10,5)	30240
= comb(10,5)	252

KRunner can also handle symbolic mathematics and perform integration and differentiation on expressions

Examples:

Input	Output
= integrate( -x/y^2, y )	-x/y
diff( log(x) ) =	1/x

You can also use KRunner to solve polynomial functions to find its roots.

Examples:

Input	Output
= solve( x^2 + 4*x - 21 = 0 )	[3, -7]

KRunner intelligently handles units as part of the calculations. Try the following examples to see how.

Examples:

Input	Output
= 2.5 kg * 10 m/s^2	25 N
220 V / 10 A =	22 ohms

Since KRunner understands most units, you can use it to convert them very quickly. Note that unit conversions don't require an = sign.

Examples:

Input	Output
30 F	-1.11111 degrees C (°C), 273.039 K, ...
27.8 km	1.09449e+06 inches (in), 17.2742 miles (mi), ...
5 gallons in liters	18.9271 liters (l)

KRunner knows currencies, too. Conversions between currencies is done by fetching the exchange rate from the European Central Bank website.

Examples:

Input	Output
1 dollar	0.657002 pounds sterling (GBP), 0.742501 euros (EUR), ...
125 euros	110.606 pounds sterling (GBP), 15,785 yen (JPY), ...
30 JPY in RUB	9.40731 rubles (RUB)

Go places

If you have bookmarked locations in the Marble (in OpenStreetMap), KRunner can open the map directly.

Spell checking and special characters

KRunner can tell you whether your spelling is correct and/or suggest corrections. The default keyword to start the spellchecker is spell and can be configured.

Examples:

Input	Output
spell linux	Suggested words: Linux, lynx, ...

KRunner can also allow you to pick special characters if you can specify the hexadecimal unicode for the character, preceded by a # sign.

Examples:

Input	Output
#03b2	β
#00b1	±

Manage your computer

You can directly open system settings control modules from KRunner. Often, if you want to change something, just type associated terms and KRunner will find the control module with the settings you want.

Examples:

Input	Output
keyboard	opens the Keyboard settings control module
fonts	opens the fonts settings control module
password	opens the Password & User account control module

KRunner can also be used to adjust the screen brightness by using the keywords "screen brightness". You can specify a percentage or just turn the brightness halfway or fully down. Additionally, keywords exist to suspend, logout, shutdown or restart your machine.

Examples:

Input	Output
screen brightness 100	increases screen brightness to 100%
sleep	suspends computer to RAM
lock	locks the screen
restart	restarts computer
shutdown	shutdowns computer

Usage

Open KRunner

The easiest way to open KRunner is to trigger its global shortcut (Alt+Space or Alt+F2, by default). In some activities (e.g. Desktop), you can simply click on the desktop and start typing. In others (e.g. Search and Launch), KRunner may be built into the activity itself.

You can also right-click on your plasma workspace and select Run Command... or just simply launch it from the commandline by typing krunner.

Use KRunner

Use Tab/Ctrl+j or Shift+Tab/Ctrl+k to navigate up and down results. Use arrow keys to move between options (if any) in a result. Use Enter (or left click) to select a result.

探索KRunner

单击扳手图标可显示配置选项，您可以在其中启用/禁用/配置将处理搜索的运行程序。其他选项可用于更改屏幕上显示 krunner 的位置。如果你乐意的话，甚至可以将样式更改为面向任务的样式。

点击 '?' 图标可以打开一个滚动列表, 里面有所有可用的runner和对应的使用语法. 这是寻找新功能的好方法!

Tips, Tricks and FAQs

你可以在特殊的"single runner"模式下使用KRunner。在此模式下，KRunner 将只使用一个runner来处理您的搜索。相当多的runner都已经支持了此选项, 但仍有少部分没有支持。直接从KRunner打开全局快捷键控制模块，然后选择"运行命令界面"以查看可用的内容, 并为你想要的模式设置全局快捷方式，并在该模式下启动"KRunner"。你可以拥有许多运行模式, 这取决于你能找到多少快捷键。

这个 博客 提到了一些Krunner计算器的高级用法.