Незнакомые термины

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Незнакомые термины

Термин Объяснение Дополнительные сведения
distro, distribution, дистрибутив Сборник программного обеспечения, является полноценной операционной системой с рабочей средой и программами. В автомобильных терминах, - это весь автомобиль, но без мотора Некоторые из дистрибутивов Linux
live CD/DVD Полноценный дистрибутив на компакт-диска/DVD. Предоставляет вам возможность попробовать дистрибутив без установки. Может быть запущен в Windows без установки каких-либо компонентов системы на жесткий диск. Это безопасный, но медленный способ тестирования системы. Некоторые live CD/DVD
repo, repository, хранилище, репозиторий Сборник дополнительного программного обеспечения, которое можно получить и установить на вашем компьютере. Подробнее о них можно узнать со страницы вашего дистрибутива.
terminal, терминал командная строка Linux . Если вам советуют ввести некий текст, ввести его следует именно в терминале. Как открыть консоль?
Package manager, Программа для управления пакетами Программа для просмотра хранилищ, добавление и удаление программного обеспечения. Почти у каждого дистрибутива есть собственная программа для управления пакетами. Эта программа является основным способом установки и удаления программного обеспечения. Установленное таким образом программное обеспечение автоматически обновляться свежайшими пакетами и коробками с исправлениями ошибок. Некоторые из программ для управления пакетами
root The administrator of your machine. Even if you administer your own machine, it is still preferable to only log in as root when you absolutely must. Usually, if you want to do something that needs you to be root, a popup will simply ask for root's password, so you won't need to switch user.

Root also designates the basis of the file hierarchy, signified by /
console the Linux command line Open a console
shell the Linux command line Konsole
su - Shell command to switch user, usually to root. Used, when you need special rights to do something. You will be prompted for the root password before su takes effect. NB: remember to type exit when you are done. This gets you back to your regular user.
sudo Like su, but it only grants root privileges for one command, so the command you want to run should immediately follow sudo. Unike su, you will be requested to provide your own password (not the one of root user) and you will not need to exit.
path Full specification of a file giving its placing in the file system. For example /home/myUser/Documents/Greetings.txt (an absolute path), or Document/Greeting.txt (path relative to my home directory).
bug anything that may be wrong with an application or the underlying framework. Reporting bugs
bko Short name for the KDE bug reporting site bugs.kde.org
user A user account. Most Linux system are set up with at least one ordinary user (you) and an administrator, root.
session When you log in to your system, an application or some server you start a session, which lasts until you log out of it again.
logon The act of starting a new session on a system. This usually requires a username and a password. Several users might be logged on to a system simultaneously, although only one would be active at a time.
logout The act of ending a session on a system. The system will then wait for another logon rather that just shutting down.
desktop The workspace you see, when you log in. It typically has a panel with a start menu and other widgets. The workspace itself can also hold various widgets.
activity Activities
pager A widget to switch between virtual desktops Pager
task manager A widget that you will often see in your desktops panel. It will contain a small button for each application you are currently running. You can use it to switch between those applications.
systray A widget that you will often see in your desktops panel. It contains icons for some system services such as the clipboard and the Device Notifier. System Tray
thumbnail A small (often icon sized) preview of the content a file
screenshot An image of what is on your screen at a particular time — sometimes required when you ask for help KSnapshot
window
tab
window decorations The edges around windows including the title line and its buttons, for example the close button.
theme A set of settings for the visual appearance of an application giving it a distinctive look and feel
panel A widget that holds other widgets. You can have one or more panels on your desktop. A panel is always placed along one of the edges of the screen. Panels
widget A self contained mini application that resides on (maybe integrate into) the desktop Widget
kio slave KIO
kpart KPart
bookmark
virtual terminal Command line console interface, usually Alt + Ctrl + F[1-6]
virtual console
Virtual desktop Virtual Desktops
xko where x is some letter. Abbreviation for some KDE web site. Examples: fko = forums.kde.org, bko = bugs.kde.org and so on.
Konvi short for Konversation, the IRC client Konversation
Nepomuk Nepomuk
Akonadi Akonadi
Strigi Strigi
KDE The community of contributors and users of KDE technologies What is KDE
KDE SC The periodic releases of the KDE frameworks and core utilities — the Software Collection
KDE Software Besides the KDE SC a number of other software projects are developed under the KDE umbrella and actively supported by the community
Plasma The KDE workspace and supporting technology. Plasma workspaces comes in several varieties, Plasma Desktop, Plasma Netbook and Plasma Active
Plasma Desktop The KDE workspace variety designed for traditional computers, ie. systems with traditional input devices such as keyboard and mouse and with large displays
Plasma Netbook The KDE workspace variety designed for devices with small screens such as notebooks
Plasma Active The KDE workspace variety designed for smartphones and similar compact devices
Planet Short for the planet.kde.org. The Planet aggregates blogs about all things KDE planet.kde.org
Dot Short for dot.kde.org. The Dot is the official news site for KDE dot.kde.org
Get Hot New Stuff Technology that allows applications to offer users the option to easily download and install plugins, artwork, scripts or similar additions using a unified interface Get Hot New Stuff
tar ball An archive format for distributing files. To use the files contained in a tar ball you need to unpack it (see Archive Management in Dolphin).
snapshot Latest development version of an application. Not as polished and well tested as the stable version.
sources Text files containing source code of some software. It has to be compiled and installed before it can be used.
build
Context menu A menu with items relevant for a particular object. Typically, it pops up when you right click the object.
meta key A special key used in combination with other keys. Often the Start key is used for this.
cli command line interface
plasmoid a native plasma widget
applet A widget
ghns See Get Hot New Stuff Get Hot New Stuff
kdesu console command use to start a gui application as a different user (usually root) that runs in the existing desktop
kdesudo See kdesu
virtual console See virtual terminal
fko Short name for the KDE forums forums.kde.org
hover To place the mouse over some item and keep it still for a little while
Tooltip Small info box that is displayed when you hover over an item
prefix A piece of text at the beginning of a text string – the first few letters
postfix A piece of text at the end of a text string – the last few letters
$HOME The path to your home directory
Super key A special key used in combination with other keys. Often the Start key is used for this.
Compose key A special key used in combination with other keys – mostly to type accented characters and other non standard letters and symbols. Compose Key