Kdenlive/Manual/QuickStart/zh-tw: Difference between revisions
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可參閱 [[Special:MyLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Timeline|使用手冊的時間軸章節]] | 可參閱 [[Special:MyLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Timeline|使用手冊的時間軸章節]] | ||
Now comes the actual editing. Project clips are combined to the final result on the timeline. They get there by drag and drop: Drag some Napoli (assuming you are using the files provided above, as in the rest of this quick start tutorial; If not, please make sure your screen is waterproof, and perhaps tomatoproof) from the project tree, and drop it onto the first track in the timeline. | |||
[[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Timeline-Clips.png|thumb|left|400px|First clips in the timeline]] | [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Timeline-Clips.png|thumb|left|400px|First clips in the timeline]] | ||
Since some cutlery is needed as well, grab the spoon clip and drop it on the first track as well. Then drag the Napoli to the beginning of the timeline (otherwise the rendered video would start with some seconds of plain black), and the Spoon right after the Napoli, such that it looks like in the image on the left. (Where I have zoomed in with <keycap>Ctrl + Wheel</keycap>.) | |||
<br style="clear: both;"/> | <br style="clear: both;"/> | ||
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<br style="clear: both;"/> | <br style="clear: both;"/> | ||
[[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Resize-Marker.png|thumb|left|Resize marker]] | [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Resize-Marker.png|thumb|left|Resize marker]] | ||
Since after eating comes playing, there is a Billiards clip. Add it to the timeline as well. For the first 1.5 seconds nothing happens in the clip, so it should perhaps be '''cut''' to avoid the video becoming boring. An easy way<ref>Writing it this way suggests that there are several ways of cutting a clip. This is in fact true.</ref> for this is to move the timeline cursor to the desired position (i.e. the position where you want to cut the video), then drag the left border of the clip when the resize marker appears. It will snap in at the timeline cursor when you move close enough. | |||
<br style="clear: both;"/> | <br style="clear: both;"/> | ||
[[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Overlap-Clips.png|thumb|left|Overlapping clips]] | [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Overlap-Clips.png|thumb|left|Overlapping clips]] | ||
To add a ''transition'' between eating (the Spoon) and playing billiards, the two clips need to overlap. To be precise: the second clip should be above or below the first one and end some frames after the second one begins. Zooming in until the ticks for single frames appear helps here; it also makes it easy to always have the same transition duration, five frames in this case. | |||
您可經由 '''Kdenlive''' 視窗下方的<menuchoice>zoom slider</menuchoice>, 或是 <keycap>Ctrl + Mousewheel</keycap>來放大. '''Kdenlive''' 將對時間播放紅線來放大縮小, 所以首先你可將你想要放大的部分設定其位置, 然後放大它. | 您可經由 '''Kdenlive''' 視窗下方的<menuchoice>zoom slider</menuchoice>, 或是 <keycap>Ctrl + Mousewheel</keycap>來放大. '''Kdenlive''' 將對時間播放紅線來放大縮小, 所以首先你可將你想要放大的部分設定其位置, 然後放大它. | ||
<br style="clear: both;"/> | <br style="clear: both;"/> | ||
[[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Transition.png|thumb|left|Transition marker]] | [[File:Kdenlive-Quickstart-Add-Transition.png|thumb|left|Transition marker]] | ||
<span id="transition"></span> | <span id="transition"></span>Now that the clips overlap, the transition can be added. This is done either by right-clicking on the upper clip and choosing <menuchoice>Add Transition</menuchoice> or, easier, by clicking the green triangle that appears when you hover the mouse over the lower right corner of the Spoon clip. The latter, by default, adds a dissolve transition, which is in this case the best idea anyway since the Spoon is not required for playing. | ||
dissolve 轉場將第一素材慢慢淡出後接到第二素材. 可參閱 [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Transitions|使用手冊的轉場章節]]. | dissolve 轉場將第一素材慢慢淡出後接到第二素材. 可參閱 [[Special:myLanguage/Kdenlive/Manual/Transitions|使用手冊的轉場章節]]. | ||
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==== 音樂 ==== | ==== 音樂 ==== | ||
[[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Fadeout.png|thumb|left|400px|Audio fadeout]] | [[File:Kdenlive Quickstart-Fadeout.png|thumb|left|400px|Audio fadeout]] | ||
Since the clips do not provide any audio, let’s search for some nice piece of music, from your local collection or on web pages like [http://www.jamendo.com Jamendo]. The audio clip should, after adding it, be dragged to an audio track on the timeline. | |||
聲音素材和影片素材一樣可以調整大小. 播放線會自動停在專案的結尾. 在聲音素材結尾加入淡出的特效 (除非你找到一段剛好長度一樣長的配樂，就不用擔心多餘的部分，或不足的部分) 你將滑鼠輕放在 素材的右上 (或 左上)方， 將綠色光碟拖到淡出開始的位置。<ref>綠色的光碟是簡捷手法，你也可以用 <menuchoice>Fade -> Fade out</menuchoice>來加入特效. 兩種方法會得到一樣的結果。</ref> | 聲音素材和影片素材一樣可以調整大小. 播放線會自動停在專案的結尾. 在聲音素材結尾加入淡出的特效 (除非你找到一段剛好長度一樣長的配樂，就不用擔心多餘的部分，或不足的部分) 你將滑鼠輕放在 素材的右上 (或 左上)方， 將綠色光碟拖到淡出開始的位置。<ref>綠色的光碟是簡捷手法，你也可以用 <menuchoice>Fade -> Fade out</menuchoice>來加入特效. 兩種方法會得到一樣的結果。</ref> | ||
Revision as of 09:00, 8 March 2017
Quick Start
創建新專案
首先，創建新(空)的目錄夾給我們專案使用. 我將稱它 quickstart-tutorial/ 在本次的教學之中.然後放上一些範例素材, 或從這裏下載:kdenlive-tutorial-videos-2011-avi.tar.bz2 (7 MB)[1], 然後將它們解壓縮。 例如. 放到本專案下的子目錄 quickstart-tutorial/Videos/ .
左邊的圖片顯示建議的目錄結構:每個專案有自己的目錄，將影片檔放在Videos 子目錄，聲音檔放在 Audio子目錄，等。(read more)
(從現在開始，本教學假設您使用範例影片，當然你也可以用其他的範例影片。)
打開 Kdenlive 之後, 新建一個專案 ().
選擇剛才新建的目錄夾(quickstart-tutorial/) ，然後選擇一個合適的專案描述檔。上面提供的影片是720p, 23.98 fps.[2] 假如您用自己的檔案並不清楚該用那一個, Kdenlive 在你載入第一個素材時將建議你一個合適的描述檔[3]
加上素材
現在專案已經準備好了，讓我們加上一些素材(就是之前下載的影片檔)。在 Project Tree widget作業; 點擊 圖示 
直接打開檔案對話盒,點擊小箭頭看看有那些影片格式可以加進專案使用. 影片素材, 聲音素材, 圖片, 及其他的 Kdenlive 專案可以加來用的。通過預設的 對話盒.
載入素材之後,Kdenlive看起來是這個樣子，在左上方是已知的專案樹. 右邊是影片的監視器; 素材的監視器播放原始的素材內容, 專案監視器播放未來輸出的影片, 包含了所有的特效，轉場等等. 第三個分頁, 也很重要, 時間軸 (在監視器下方): 這裏是影片素材編輯的地方.有兩種型態的編輯軌, 影片和聲音. 影片軌可以放任何型態的素材, 音訊軌也是 – 但是當你拉一段影片檔到音訊軌, 只有音訊部分可以編輯.
讓我們透過 存檔. 整個專案會儲存， i.e. 當我們在時間軸上放上影片, 用上了特效, 等等異動. 目前還 不能 播放.[4] 產生最終影片的過程稱為 Rendering.
時間軸
可參閱 使用手冊的時間軸章節
Now comes the actual editing. Project clips are combined to the final result on the timeline. They get there by drag and drop: Drag some Napoli (assuming you are using the files provided above, as in the rest of this quick start tutorial; If not, please make sure your screen is waterproof, and perhaps tomatoproof) from the project tree, and drop it onto the first track in the timeline.
Since some cutlery is needed as well, grab the spoon clip and drop it on the first track as well. Then drag the Napoli to the beginning of the timeline (otherwise the rendered video would start with some seconds of plain black), and the Spoon right after the Napoli, such that it looks like in the image on the left. (Where I have zoomed in with Ctrl + Wheel.)
預覽結果，可按 Space (或 專案監視器的 ). 你將看到 Napoli 之後接著 Spoon. 假如時間軸的播放線( cursor )不在開頭處, 專案覽視器會在某處開始播放; 你可在時間軸的度量尺上拖曳播放線或是或是在專案監視上按倒帶鍵. 假如你偏愛快速鍵, Ctrl + Home 可以對播放的監視器做一樣的事. (選擇 如果你要用快速鍵時，還沒選擇的話.)
Since after eating comes playing, there is a Billiards clip. Add it to the timeline as well. For the first 1.5 seconds nothing happens in the clip, so it should perhaps be cut to avoid the video becoming boring. An easy way[5] for this is to move the timeline cursor to the desired position (i.e. the position where you want to cut the video), then drag the left border of the clip when the resize marker appears. It will snap in at the timeline cursor when you move close enough.
To add a transition between eating (the Spoon) and playing billiards, the two clips need to overlap. To be precise: the second clip should be above or below the first one and end some frames after the second one begins. Zooming in until the ticks for single frames appear helps here; it also makes it easy to always have the same transition duration, five frames in this case.
您可經由 Kdenlive 視窗下方的, 或是 Ctrl + Mousewheel來放大. Kdenlive 將對時間播放紅線來放大縮小, 所以首先你可將你想要放大的部分設定其位置, 然後放大它.
Now that the clips overlap, the transition can be added. This is done either by right-clicking on the upper clip and choosing or, easier, by clicking the green triangle that appears when you hover the mouse over the lower right corner of the Spoon clip. The latter, by default, adds a dissolve transition, which is in this case the best idea anyway since the Spoon is not required for playing.
dissolve 轉場將第一素材慢慢淡出後接到第二素材. 可參閱 使用手冊的轉場章節.
加上最後的素材, Piano, 同樣再加上 dissolve 轉場. 當您把它加入時間軸的第一軌時, 您必須點擊新素材的左下邊將轉場加到前一段素材.
特效
Piano 可經由 特效讓它增色不少 . 選擇 piano 素材, 雙擊 裏的 . 假如沒看到這個選單, 你可從 點選.
一旦加上特效, 它的名字會加上時間軸的素材上. 它也會秀在 上.
為影像加添溫暖的黃橙色調, 適合舒服的傍晚, blue needs to be reduced and red and green improved.
在特效層(effect stack widget )可用拉桿(slider)改變其值 (滑鼠中鍵可以重設回預設值), 或直接輸入值.
這時也能在 裏按圖示(位於左邊的圖片) 加上新特效; 這些特效是作用於目前選定的時間軸上的素材。勾掉特效選項讓此特效失效(設定還在),這是很實用的功能，因為特效會消耗大量電力，修片時可以選失效，合成時再選有效即可。 \
有些特效，像這裏用到的，可以新增關鍵影格。The framed watch icon indicates this.關鍵影格用於隨時間改變特效參數. 在我們的素材可以讓我們讓 piano的淡色從溫暖的黃昏色調慢慢淡出成冷冷的夜晚色調.
點擊 圖示之後 (時鐘圖示位於上一張圖), 特效層將重排. 預設是兩種關鍵影格, 一個在時間軸開頭一個在結尾. 移動時間軸播放紅線到素材的結尾, 呈現的效果是專案監視器會隨著結尾的關鍵影格的參數改變播放出新的顏色.
確定選定了特效裏的最後一個關鍵影格，然後你會看到piano被深藍色淹沒。
將播放紅線移至專案的開頭，然後播放 (使用 Space, 或是 )下方的鍵, piano 應該會如願的變色.
關鍵影格是本教學裏最困難的部分. 假如你可以正確完成它, 之後您將輕易地經通Kdenlive !
可參閱Effects section of the manual。
音樂
Since the clips do not provide any audio, let’s search for some nice piece of music, from your local collection or on web pages like Jamendo. The audio clip should, after adding it, be dragged to an audio track on the timeline.
聲音素材和影片素材一樣可以調整大小. 播放線會自動停在專案的結尾. 在聲音素材結尾加入淡出的特效 (除非你找到一段剛好長度一樣長的配樂，就不用擔心多餘的部分，或不足的部分) 你將滑鼠輕放在 素材的右上 (或 左上)方， 將綠色光碟拖到淡出開始的位置。[6]
合成
花了幾分鐘時間, 您已完成了專案! 請按下Render 按鍵 (或是 , 或是 Ctrl + Enter) 打開位於左邊的對話盒. 選擇想要我們的新影片(含特效及轉檔)的輸出格式, 選 MPEG4 (幾乎是到處皆可用) 選 2000k 的bitrate(bitrate愈高, 輸出檔容量愈大 ，品質愈好 – 不過，因為原來的素材已經是 2000k bitrate , 使用較高的bitrate並不會改善品質，因此沒必要), 然後按下 按鍵.
幾秒後，將完成合成(rendering) , 你的第一個 Kdenlive 專案完成. 恭禧!
參考與注意事項
- ↑ 假如你偏好 Theora (因為你覺得 Ogg 格式的影片常發生問題), 你可以從這裏下載 kdenlive-tutorial-videos-2011-ogv.tar.bz2.
- ↑ 720 是片的高度 , p 代表 增進式掃描 可對照 interlaced video, 而 fps 數字表示每秒鐘的影格數.
- ↑ Kdenlive 設定提供的組態, 在 Misc 這裏設定成 Check if first added clip matches project profile當第一個素材加入時檢查合適的專案描述檔
- ↑ 想要播的話, 可以 用指令
melt yourproject.kdenlive來播放, 但這不是您想要播放最終影片的方式因為 這樣太慢 (大部分時候) . 此外, 它要有安裝melt 才能播放. - ↑ Writing it this way suggests that there are several ways of cutting a clip. This is in fact true.
- ↑ 綠色的光碟是簡捷手法，你也可以用 來加入特效. 兩種方法會得到一樣的結果。