Glossary/fr: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with ':''Plus d'information'': ::Créer des activités')
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Le glossaire suivant est destiné à vous aider à trouver votre chemin à travers les brumes des nouveaux noms et des nouveaux concepts. Dans certains cas, vous pouvez trouver un lien à partir d'un composant '''KDE 3''' vers son équivalent dans le contexte des logiciels '''KDE SC 4'''.
Le glossaire suivant est destiné à vous aider à trouver votre chemin à travers les brumes des nouveaux noms et des nouveaux concepts. Dans certains cas, vous pouvez trouver un lien à partir d'un composant '''KDE 3''' vers son équivalent dans le contexte des logiciels '''KDE SC 4'''.
 
<span id="Activities"></span>
 
===Activités===
===Activités===
:'''Les activités''' sont des ensembles de 'widgets' '''Plasma''' qui ont leur propre fond d'écran. Un peu comme les [[#Virtual Desktops|''Bureaux Virtuels'']], mais pas tout à fait.  
:'''Les activités''' sont des ensembles de 'widgets' '''Plasma''' qui ont leur propre fond d'écran. Un peu comme les [[#Virtual Desktops|''Bureaux Virtuels'']], mais pas tout à fait.  
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:''Plus d'information'':
:''Plus d'information'':
::[[Special:myLanguage/Plasma/FAQ#How can I add/remove an activity?|Créer des activités]]
::[[Special:myLanguage/Plasma/FAQ#How can I add/remove an activity?|Créer des activités]]
 
<span id="Akonadi"></span>
 
===Akonadi===
===Akonadi===
:The data storage access mechanism for all ''PIM'' (Personal Information Manager) data in ''KDE SC 4''.  One single storage and retrieval system allows efficiency and extensibiliy not possible under ''KDE 3'', where each PIM component had its own system. Note that use of '''Akonadi''' does not change data storage formats (''vcard'', ''iCalendar'', ''mbox'', ''maildir'' etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.
:The data storage access mechanism for all ''PIM'' (Personal Information Manager) data in ''KDE SC 4''.  One single storage and retrieval system allows efficiency and extensibiliy not possible under ''KDE 3'', where each PIM component had its own system. Note that use of '''Akonadi''' does not change data storage formats (''vcard'', ''iCalendar'', ''mbox'', ''maildir'' etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.
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::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi]  
::[http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi]
::[http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi]
 
<span id="aRts"></span>
 
===aRts===
===aRts===
:The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3.  Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered.  In the ''Plasma workspace'' it is replaced by [[#Phonon|''Phonon'']]  
:The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3.  Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered.  In the ''Plasma workspace'' it is replaced by [[#Phonon|''Phonon'']]  
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::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARts Wikipedia - aRts]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARts Wikipedia - aRts]  
::[http://www.arts-project.org/gen/newsarchive/news_2000.html aRts Home Page]
::[http://www.arts-project.org/gen/newsarchive/news_2000.html aRts Home Page]
 
<span id="Containment"></span>
 
===Containment===
===Containment===
:A ''Containment'' is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.
:A ''Containment'' is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.


:The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.     
:The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.     
 
<span id="D-Bus"></span>
 
===D-Bus===
===D-Bus===
:An inter-service messaging system.  Developed by RedHat, it was heavily influenced by KDE3's ''DCOP'', which it supercedes.
:An inter-service messaging system.  Developed by RedHat, it was heavily influenced by KDE3's ''DCOP'', which it supercedes.
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::[http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus FreeDesktop.org: What is D-Bus?]  
::[http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus FreeDesktop.org: What is D-Bus?]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Bus Wikipedia: D-Bus]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Bus Wikipedia: D-Bus]
 
<span id="Dolphin"></span>
 
===Dolphin===
===Dolphin===
:The default file manager in KDE SC 4.  It has a side panel (''Places''), but navigation is mainly by the ''breadcrumb'' trail above the main window.  Split windows are possible, and views can be applied to individual windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel. Other directories can be added to the Places panel.  A ''Tree view'' is also possible.
:The default file manager in KDE SC 4.  It has a side panel (''Places''), but navigation is mainly by the ''breadcrumb'' trail above the main window.  Split windows are possible, and views can be applied to individual windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel. Other directories can be added to the Places panel.  A ''Tree view'' is also possible.
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::[http://introducingkde4.blogspot.com/2007/12/dolphin.html Introducing KDE 4 Blog - Dolphin]
::[http://introducingkde4.blogspot.com/2007/12/dolphin.html Introducing KDE 4 Blog - Dolphin]
::[[Tutorials/File_Management|The UserBase File Management Tutorial]]
::[[Tutorials/File_Management|The UserBase File Management Tutorial]]
 
<span id="Extender"></span>
===Extender===
===Extender===
:''Extenders'' are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a [[#Plasma|Plasma]] panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that arrived in Plasma for KDE 4.2. Notifications already use this system. This enables, for example, a user to drag a notification of a download or file copy job, onto his or her desktop and keep track of it there. The same can be done for other kinds of notifications, too.  
:''Extenders'' are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a [[#Plasma|Plasma]] panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that arrived in Plasma for KDE 4.2. Notifications already use this system. This enables, for example, a user to drag a notification of a download or file copy job, onto his or her desktop and keep track of it there. The same can be done for other kinds of notifications, too.  
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::[http://kde-look.org/content/show.php/KDE+Extender+Mockup?content=30012 Mockup Screenshots]  
::[http://kde-look.org/content/show.php/KDE+Extender+Mockup?content=30012 Mockup Screenshots]  
::[http://plasma.kde.org/cms/1069 The Elements of Plasma]
::[http://plasma.kde.org/cms/1069 The Elements of Plasma]
 
<span id="Flake"></span>
 
===Flake===
===Flake===
:''Flake'' is a programming library to be used in '''KOffice2'''.  Functionally, it provides ''Shapes'' to display content and ''Tools'' to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped to work as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.  
:''Flake'' is a programming library to be used in '''KOffice2'''.  Functionally, it provides ''Shapes'' to display content and ''Tools'' to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped to work as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.  
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:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://wiki.koffice.org/index.php?title=Flake KOffice Wiki - Flake]  
::[http://wiki.koffice.org/index.php?title=Flake KOffice Wiki - Flake]  
 
<span id="Get Hot New Stuff"></span>
 
===Get Hot New Stuff===
===Get Hot New Stuff===
:''Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS)'' is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. Our implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.
:''Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS)'' is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. Our implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.
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::[http://ghns.freedesktop.org Home of GHNS]
::[http://ghns.freedesktop.org Home of GHNS]
::[http://lwn.net/Articles/227855/ An article on GHNS in KDE SC 4]
::[http://lwn.net/Articles/227855/ An article on GHNS in KDE SC 4]
 
<span id="Home Directory"></span>
===Home Directory===
===Home Directory===
:That's the place in your system where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. It is easier when you keep your things here.  
:That's the place in your system where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. It is easier when you keep your things here.  
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:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_directory Wikipedia - Home directory]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_directory Wikipedia - Home directory]  
 
<span id="KControl"></span>
===KControl===
===KControl===
:''KDE Control Center'', for setting global preferences in KDE 3. Replaced by the [[#System Settings|'''System Settings''']] interface in KDE SC 4.
:''KDE Control Center'', for setting global preferences in KDE 3. Replaced by the [[#System Settings|'''System Settings''']] interface in KDE SC 4.
 
<span id="KDOM"></span>
===KDOM===
===KDOM===
:A [[#KPart|''KPart'']] module making ''KHTML DOM (Document Object Model) '' rendering capabilities available to all applications. [[#KSVG|''KSVG2'']] is built on KDOM for KDE SC 4.
:A [[#KPart|''KPart'']] module making ''KHTML DOM (Document Object Model) '' rendering capabilities available to all applications. [[#KSVG|''KSVG2'']] is built on KDOM for KDE SC 4.
 
<span id="KHTML"></span>
===KHTML===
===KHTML===
:''KHTML'' is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE Plasma desktop, as used by the '''Konqueror''' browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. A new introduction, ''Qt WebKit'' is also for Plasma and other application development.
:''KHTML'' is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE Plasma desktop, as used by the '''Konqueror''' browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. A new introduction, ''Qt WebKit'' is also for Plasma and other application development.
 
<span id="Kicker"></span>
===Kicker===
===Kicker===
:In KDE 3, the relocatable bar, usually at the bottom of the screen (sometimes called the [[#Panel|''Panel'']]), on which application launchers, the [[#Pager|''Pager'']], and buttons for running applications reside.  See [[#Panel|''Panel'']]
:In KDE 3, the relocatable bar, usually at the bottom of the screen (sometimes called the [[#Panel|''Panel'']]), on which application launchers, the [[#Pager|''Pager'']], and buttons for running applications reside.  See [[#Panel|''Panel'']]
 
<span id="Kickoff"></span>
===Kickoff===
===Kickoff===
:In KDE SC 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group.  "Favorites" replaces the "Most used applications" in ''Classic Menu'', and applications can be added to it.  Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel.  Rapid access to a less-used application is made possible with the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE SC 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required.  
:In KDE SC 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group.  "Favorites" replaces the "Most used applications" in ''Classic Menu'', and applications can be added to it.  Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel.  Rapid access to a less-used application is made possible with the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE SC 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required.  
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::[http://home.kde.org/~binner/kickoff/sneak_preview.html Kickoff Sneak Preview]
::[http://home.kde.org/~binner/kickoff/sneak_preview.html Kickoff Sneak Preview]
::[http://en.opensuse.org/Kickoff Design documentation]
::[http://en.opensuse.org/Kickoff Design documentation]
 
<span id="KJS"></span>
===KJS===
===KJS===
:KDE platform's ''JavaScript'' engine.
:KDE platform's ''JavaScript'' engine.
 
<span id="KInfoCenter"></span>
===KInfoCenter===
===KInfoCenter===
:'''Kinfocenter''' originated as part of [[#KControl|'''KControl''']] standing alone from KDE 3.1.  In KDE SC 4 up until 4.4 it is replaced by modules configured in [[#System Settings|'''System Settings''']], notably [[#Solid|''Solid'']], and is being reintroduced as an application in KDE SC 4.5.
:'''Kinfocenter''' originated as part of [[#KControl|'''KControl''']] standing alone from KDE 3.1.  In KDE SC 4 up until 4.4 it is replaced by modules configured in [[#System Settings|'''System Settings''']], notably [[#Solid|''Solid'']], and is being reintroduced as an application in KDE SC 4.5.
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:More Info:  
:More Info:  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinfocenter Wikipedia - KInfoCenter]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinfocenter Wikipedia - KInfoCenter]
 
<span id="KIO"></span>
===KIO===
===KIO===
:''KDE Input/Output framework'' provides a single ''API'' for operating on files, whether local or on a remote server.  Additionally, ''KIO Slaves'' provide support for individual protocols.  Some particularly useful ones are ''http'', ''ftp'', ''sftp'', ''smb'', ''nfs'', ''ssh (fish)'', ''man'', ''tar'' and ''zip''.   
:''KDE Input/Output framework'' provides a single ''API'' for operating on files, whether local or on a remote server.  Additionally, ''KIO Slaves'' provide support for individual protocols.  Some particularly useful ones are ''http'', ''ftp'', ''sftp'', ''smb'', ''nfs'', ''ssh (fish)'', ''man'', ''tar'' and ''zip''.   
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::[http://www.linux.com/feature/124686 Linux.com - Master the KIO slaves]  
::[http://www.linux.com/feature/124686 Linux.com - Master the KIO slaves]  
::[http://osdir.com/Article2159.phtml Breaking the Network Barrier]
::[http://osdir.com/Article2159.phtml Breaking the Network Barrier]
 
<span id="Kiosk"></span>
===Kiosk===
===Kiosk===
:[http://techbase.kde.org/KDE_System_Administration/Kiosk/Introduction '''Kiosk'''] is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a ''KDE platform'' system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés.  It is present in KDE 3 and KDE 4, but the adminisration tool, '''Kiosktool''' is KDE 3 only.  It can be used to configure KDE 4 apps, or '''kiosk''' configurations can be maintained by editing config files manually.
:[http://techbase.kde.org/KDE_System_Administration/Kiosk/Introduction '''Kiosk'''] is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a ''KDE platform'' system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés.  It is present in KDE 3 and KDE 4, but the adminisration tool, '''Kiosktool''' is KDE 3 only.  It can be used to configure KDE 4 apps, or '''kiosk''' configurations can be maintained by editing config files manually.
 
<span id="KPart"></span>
===KPart===
===KPart===
:A ''KPart'' is an individual component of the ''KDE Plasma desktop'' and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow '''KMail''' and '''KOrganizer''' to integrate (as plugins) into the '''Kontact''' suite, or [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']] to display sites in '''Akregator'''.
:A ''KPart'' is an individual component of the ''KDE Plasma desktop'' and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow '''KMail''' and '''KOrganizer''' to integrate (as plugins) into the '''Kontact''' suite, or [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']] to display sites in '''Akregator'''.
 
<span id="Kross"></span>
===Kross===
===Kross===
: ''Kross'' is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages.  A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.
: ''Kross'' is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages.  A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.
 
<span id="KRunner"></span>
===KRunner===
===KRunner===
:The mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut ''Alt+F2'', or a right-click on the desktop.  In '''KDE SC 4''' a partial name will display all possible matches
:The mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut ''Alt+F2'', or a right-click on the desktop.  In '''KDE SC 4''' a partial name will display all possible matches
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:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1-SFSmwTXw Youtube - KDE SC 4.1 KRunner]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1-SFSmwTXw Youtube - KDE SC 4.1 KRunner]
 
<span id="KSVG"></span>
===KSVG===
===KSVG===
: ''KSVG'' enables support for ''scalable vector graphics'' in a [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']] browser.  ''KSVG2'' extends this for KDE SC 4.
: ''KSVG'' enables support for ''scalable vector graphics'' in a [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']] browser.  ''KSVG2'' extends this for KDE SC 4.
 
<span id="KWin"></span>
===KWin===
===KWin===
:''KWin'' is the window manager.  This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE SC 4 extends KWin to provide support for ''3D Compositing effects'' on the desktop.
:''KWin'' is the window manager.  This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE SC 4 extends KWin to provide support for ''3D Compositing effects'' on the desktop.
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::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrFz7IxXppU Youtube - KDE SC 4.0 KWin Composite Showcast]  
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrFz7IxXppU Youtube - KDE SC 4.0 KWin Composite Showcast]  
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WBLlc6xCQ4 Youtube - KWin compositing config &amp; intro]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WBLlc6xCQ4 Youtube - KWin compositing config &amp; intro]
 
<span id="Mini-CLI"></span>
===Mini-CLI===
===Mini-CLI===
:See [[#KRunner|'''KRunner''']]
:See [[#KRunner|'''KRunner''']]
 
<span id="Nepomuk"></span>
===Nepomuk===
===Nepomuk===
:"Networked Environment for Personalized, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge",  ''Nepomuk'' aims to remove artificial barriers between information to allow dynamic classification, organisation and presentation of data to the user.  Whether downloaded from the internet, received in an email or scribbled in a note, information is globally searchable and tagged with intelligent data.  See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_desktop ''The Semantic Desktop''] for further discussion of this concept.  
:"Networked Environment for Personalized, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge",  ''Nepomuk'' aims to remove artificial barriers between information to allow dynamic classification, organisation and presentation of data to the user.  Whether downloaded from the internet, received in an email or scribbled in a note, information is globally searchable and tagged with intelligent data.  See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_desktop ''The Semantic Desktop''] for further discussion of this concept.  
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::[http://nepomuk.kde.org/discover/user NEPOMUK KDE]
::[http://nepomuk.kde.org/discover/user NEPOMUK KDE]
::[[Nepomuk|Userbase Nepomuk page]]
::[[Nepomuk|Userbase Nepomuk page]]
 
<span id="Oxygen"></span>
===Oxygen===
===Oxygen===
:''Oxygen'' is the default theme of KDE SC 4. Designed to bring "a breath of fresh air" to the desktop by removing the simplistic, cartoonish icons, and replacing them with a clean theme and photo-realistic icons.  Oxygen uses a desaturated palette to avoid the icons becoming a distraction and uses detailed scalable graphics (SVG).  
:''Oxygen'' is the default theme of KDE SC 4. Designed to bring "a breath of fresh air" to the desktop by removing the simplistic, cartoonish icons, and replacing them with a clean theme and photo-realistic icons.  Oxygen uses a desaturated palette to avoid the icons becoming a distraction and uses detailed scalable graphics (SVG).  
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::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_Project Wikipedia - Oxygen Project]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_Project Wikipedia - Oxygen Project]  
::[http://www.oxygen-icons.org/?cat=3 Oxygen Icons]
::[http://www.oxygen-icons.org/?cat=3 Oxygen Icons]
 
<span id="Pager"></span>
===Pager===
===Pager===
:A ''pager'' is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually, if you have several [[#Virtual Desktops|''Virtual Desktops'']], gives an overview over all.
:A ''pager'' is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually, if you have several [[#Virtual Desktops|''Virtual Desktops'']], gives an overview over all.
 
<span id="Panel"></span>
===Panel===
===Panel===
:See [[#Kicker|'''Kicker''']]. In '''KDE SC 4''' the name "kicker" is dropped, and the name "panel" is the norm.  "Applets"; are largely replaced by [[#Widget|''Widgets'']]
:See [[#Kicker|'''Kicker''']]. In '''KDE SC 4''' the name "kicker" is dropped, and the name "panel" is the norm.  "Applets"; are largely replaced by [[#Widget|''Widgets'']]
 
<span id="Phonon"></span>
===Phonon===
===Phonon===
:A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as ''gstreamer'' and ''xine engines''.  KDE 2 and 3 depended on ''aRts'' for sound.  ''Phonon'' replaces it.  
:A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as ''gstreamer'' and ''xine engines''.  KDE 2 and 3 depended on ''aRts'' for sound.  ''Phonon'' replaces it.  
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::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon_(KDE) Wikipedia - Phonon (KDE)]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon_(KDE) Wikipedia - Phonon (KDE)]  
::[http://phonon.kde.org/cms/1030 Phonon website]
::[http://phonon.kde.org/cms/1030 Phonon website]
 
<span id="Plasma"></span>
===Plasma===
===Plasma===
:In KDE SC 4 the Plasma Desktop replaces ''KDesktop'', '''kicker''' and the ''superkaramba'' widget engine.  The applets are called '''Plasmoids''', and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. Widgets from other sources, such as ''SuperKaramba widgets'' or ''Google Gadgets'' are also supported.
:In KDE SC 4 the Plasma Desktop replaces ''KDesktop'', '''kicker''' and the ''superkaramba'' widget engine.  The applets are called '''Plasmoids''', and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. Widgets from other sources, such as ''SuperKaramba widgets'' or ''Google Gadgets'' are also supported.
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::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5RpH9HOXJA&amp;feature=related  Youtube - Plasma Applets Galore (Part 1)]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5RpH9HOXJA&amp;feature=related  Youtube - Plasma Applets Galore (Part 1)]
::[http://liquidat.wordpress.com/ Liquidat&#039;s Blog]
::[http://liquidat.wordpress.com/ Liquidat&#039;s Blog]
 
<span id="Qt"></span>
===Qt===
===Qt===
:(Pronounced "cute") A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as '''Opera''' browser, '''GoogleEarth''' and '''Skype'''. ''Qt'' is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia company.  Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.  
:(Pronounced "cute") A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as '''Opera''' browser, '''GoogleEarth''' and '''Skype'''. ''Qt'' is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia company.  Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.  
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::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit]
::[http://trolltech.com/products/qt/learnmore/demo Qt Demo Videos]
::[http://trolltech.com/products/qt/learnmore/demo Qt Demo Videos]
 
<span id="Solid"></span>
===Solid===
===Solid===
:''Solid'' provides a single API for hardware management.  Hardware is grouped into "domains".  The initial domains relate to ''HAL'', ''NetworkManager'' and the ''Bluetooth'' stack. Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.  
:''Solid'' provides a single API for hardware management.  Hardware is grouped into "domains".  The initial domains relate to ''HAL'', ''NetworkManager'' and the ''Bluetooth'' stack. Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.  
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::[http://solid.kde.org/cms/1058 Discover Solid]  
::[http://solid.kde.org/cms/1058 Discover Solid]  
::[http://dot.kde.org/1177385913/ Solid Brings Hardware Configuration and Control to the KDE platform]
::[http://dot.kde.org/1177385913/ Solid Brings Hardware Configuration and Control to the KDE platform]
 
<span id="Soprano"></span>
===Soprano===
===Soprano===
:''Soprano'' is a sub-project of [[#Nepomuk|''Nepomuk'']], providing a repository for gathered information such as tags, ratings, etc..  This makes the information available to [[#Strigi|''Strigi'']]  
:''Soprano'' is a sub-project of [[#Nepomuk|''Nepomuk'']], providing a repository for gathered information such as tags, ratings, etc..  This makes the information available to [[#Strigi|''Strigi'']]  
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:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://tinyurl.com/334u7r More about Nepomuk-KDE: Soprano and KDE platform integration]
::[http://tinyurl.com/334u7r More about Nepomuk-KDE: Soprano and KDE platform integration]
 
<span id="Strigi"></span>
===Strigi===
===Strigi===
:A deep-indexed search daemon, ''Strigi'' aims to be fast and light-weight.  It also uses ''SHA-1 hash'' which will help in the identification of duplicate files.  
:A deep-indexed search daemon, ''Strigi'' aims to be fast and light-weight.  It also uses ''SHA-1 hash'' which will help in the identification of duplicate files.  
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::[http://strigi.sourceforge.net/ Strigi - the fastest and smallest desktop searching program]
::[http://strigi.sourceforge.net/ Strigi - the fastest and smallest desktop searching program]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strigi Wikipedia - Strigi]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strigi Wikipedia - Strigi]
 
<span id="System Settings"></span>
===System Settings===
===System Settings===
:KDE SC 4 replacement for [[#KControl|'''KControl''']] (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE platform.  
:KDE SC 4 replacement for [[#KControl|'''KControl''']] (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE platform.  
Line 238: Line 230:
:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://www.lazytechguy.com/2008/01/kde4-system-settings.html KDE SC 4 System Settings illustrated]
::[http://www.lazytechguy.com/2008/01/kde4-system-settings.html KDE SC 4 System Settings illustrated]
 
<span id="Threadweaver"></span>
===Threadweaver===
===Threadweaver===
:This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ''ThreadWeaver'' provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.  
:This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ''ThreadWeaver'' provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.  
Line 244: Line 236:
:''More info'':
:''More info'':
::[http://tinyurl.com/5edc2k Why Multithreading? (Technical article)]
::[http://tinyurl.com/5edc2k Why Multithreading? (Technical article)]
 
<span id="Virtual Desktops"></span>
===Virtual Desktops===
===Virtual Desktops===
:A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of ''virtual desktops''. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your new desktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.
:A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of ''virtual desktops''. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your new desktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.
 
<span id="WebKit"></span>
===WebKit===
===WebKit===
:HTML ''rendering engine'', originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. ''Webkit'' brings the whole functionality back to KDE SC 4, where it is available through Qt.  
:HTML ''rendering engine'', originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|''KHTML'']]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. ''Webkit'' brings the whole functionality back to KDE SC 4, where it is available through Qt.  
Line 254: Line 246:
::[http://webkit.org/ The Webkit home page]  
::[http://webkit.org/ The Webkit home page]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webkit Wikipedia - Webkit]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webkit Wikipedia - Webkit]
 
<span id="Widget"></span>
===Widget===
===Widget===
:Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a '''widget''' is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).
:Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a '''widget''' is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).
 
<span id="X-Server"></span>
===X-Server===
===X-Server===
:The ''X-Server'' represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.
:The ''X-Server'' represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.
 
<span id="XMLGUI"></span>
===XMLGUI===
===XMLGUI===
:A programmers' framework for designing the user interface.  It is extensively used by ''KParts''  
:A programmers' framework for designing the user interface.  It is extensively used by ''KParts''  
Line 267: Line 259:
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLGUI Wikipedia - XMLGUI]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLGUI Wikipedia - XMLGUI]  
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_Style_Sheets Wikipedia - Qt Style Sheets]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_Style_Sheets Wikipedia - Qt Style Sheets]
 
<span id="ZUI"></span>
===ZUI===
===ZUI===
:The "Zooming User Interface".  "By zooming out, users can get an overview of all the object groupings that they have made. These groupings may reflect the projects they are working on, be ways to keep different sets of files organized, etc. By hovering or clicking on one of these groups when zoomed out, users can either get a preview/snapshot of what is in the grouping, or zoom in on that grouping so that it is displayed full size on the physical screen." ''aseigo''.  
:The "Zooming User Interface".  "By zooming out, users can get an overview of all the object groupings that they have made. These groupings may reflect the projects they are working on, be ways to keep different sets of files organized, etc. By hovering or clicking on one of these groups when zoomed out, users can either get a preview/snapshot of what is in the grouping, or zoom in on that grouping so that it is displayed full size on the physical screen." ''aseigo''.  

Revision as of 12:04, 9 September 2010

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Accueil >> Introduction >> Glossaire

Cette page vise à fournir une référence non-technique, ainsi que des liens pour plus d'informations ou des démonstrations.

Un aperçu général

Un guide visuel de KDE 4.0 et une vidéo de KDE 4.1 donneront un excellent aperçu de KDE Software Compilation 4 dans ses premiers jours.

Le glossaire suivant est destiné à vous aider à trouver votre chemin à travers les brumes des nouveaux noms et des nouveaux concepts. Dans certains cas, vous pouvez trouver un lien à partir d'un composant KDE 3 vers son équivalent dans le contexte des logiciels KDE SC 4.

Activités

Les activités sont des ensembles de 'widgets' Plasma qui ont leur propre fond d'écran. Un peu comme les Bureaux Virtuels, mais pas tout à fait.
Par exemple vous avez une "activité de travail" avec des lecteurs de flux RSS, une note pour votre TODO liste, une Vue de Dossier contenant les fichiers relatifs à votre travail, et un subtile fond d'écran.
À côté, vous avez une "activité temps libre", avec des photos de votre famille et vos chiens, des flux rss de vos blogs favoris, une Vue de Dossier montrant votre collection de films, une applet Twitter et bien sûr ce fond d'écran d'Iron Maiden que vous aimez depuis le début des années 80.
À 17h00 pétantes, vous passez de l'"activité de travail" à l'"activité de temps libre".
Plus d'information:
Créer des activités

Akonadi

The data storage access mechanism for all PIM (Personal Information Manager) data in KDE SC 4. One single storage and retrieval system allows efficiency and extensibiliy not possible under KDE 3, where each PIM component had its own system. Note that use of Akonadi does not change data storage formats (vcard, iCalendar, mbox, maildir etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.
The main reasons for design and development of Akonadi are of technical nature, e.g. having a unique way to access PIM-data (contacts, calendars, emails..) from different applications (e.g. kmail, kword..), thus eliminating the need to write similar code here and there.
Another goal is to de-couple GUI applications like kmail from the direct access to external resources like mail-servers - which was a major reason for bug-reports/wishes with regard to performance/responsiveness in the past.
More info:
Akonadi for KDE's PIM
Wikipedia - Akonadi
Techbase - Akonadi

aRts

The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3. Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered. In the Plasma workspace it is replaced by Phonon
More info:
Wikipedia - aRts
aRts Home Page

Containment

A Containment is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.
The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.

D-Bus

An inter-service messaging system. Developed by RedHat, it was heavily influenced by KDE3's DCOP, which it supercedes.
More info:
FreeDesktop.org: What is D-Bus?
Wikipedia: D-Bus

Dolphin

The default file manager in KDE SC 4. It has a side panel (Places), but navigation is mainly by the breadcrumb trail above the main window. Split windows are possible, and views can be applied to individual windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel. Other directories can be added to the Places panel. A Tree view is also possible.
More info:
Wikipedia - Dolphin (software)
Road to KDE 4: Dolphin and Konqueror
Ars Technica: A First Look at Dolphin
Youtube - KDE 4 rev 680445 - Dolphin
Introducing KDE 4 Blog - Dolphin
The UserBase File Management Tutorial

Extender

Extenders are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a Plasma panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that arrived in Plasma for KDE 4.2. Notifications already use this system. This enables, for example, a user to drag a notification of a download or file copy job, onto his or her desktop and keep track of it there. The same can be done for other kinds of notifications, too.
More info:
Mockup Screenshots
The Elements of Plasma

Flake

Flake is a programming library to be used in KOffice2. Functionally, it provides Shapes to display content and Tools to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped to work as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.
More info:
KOffice Wiki - Flake

Get Hot New Stuff

Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. Our implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.
More info:
Home of GHNS
An article on GHNS in KDE SC 4

Home Directory

That's the place in your system where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. It is easier when you keep your things here.
More info:
Wikipedia - Home directory

KControl

KDE Control Center, for setting global preferences in KDE 3. Replaced by the System Settings interface in KDE SC 4.

KDOM

A KPart module making KHTML DOM (Document Object Model) rendering capabilities available to all applications. KSVG2 is built on KDOM for KDE SC 4.

KHTML

KHTML is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE Plasma desktop, as used by the Konqueror browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. A new introduction, Qt WebKit is also for Plasma and other application development.

Kicker

In KDE 3, the relocatable bar, usually at the bottom of the screen (sometimes called the Panel), on which application launchers, the Pager, and buttons for running applications reside. See Panel

Kickoff

In KDE SC 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group. "Favorites" replaces the "Most used applications" in Classic Menu, and applications can be added to it. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application is made possible with the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE SC 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required.
More info:
Kickoff Sneak Preview
Design documentation

KJS

KDE platform's JavaScript engine.

KInfoCenter

Kinfocenter originated as part of KControl standing alone from KDE 3.1. In KDE SC 4 up until 4.4 it is replaced by modules configured in System Settings, notably Solid, and is being reintroduced as an application in KDE SC 4.5.
More Info:
Wikipedia - KInfoCenter

KIO

KDE Input/Output framework provides a single API for operating on files, whether local or on a remote server. Additionally, KIO Slaves provide support for individual protocols. Some particularly useful ones are http, ftp, sftp, smb, nfs, ssh (fish), man, tar and zip.
More info:
Wikipedia - KIO
Linux.com - Master the KIO slaves
Breaking the Network Barrier

Kiosk

Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE platform system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. It is present in KDE 3 and KDE 4, but the adminisration tool, Kiosktool is KDE 3 only. It can be used to configure KDE 4 apps, or kiosk configurations can be maintained by editing config files manually.

KPart

A KPart is an individual component of the KDE Plasma desktop and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow KMail and KOrganizer to integrate (as plugins) into the Kontact suite, or KHTML to display sites in Akregator.

Kross

Kross is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages. A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.

KRunner

The mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut Alt+F2, or a right-click on the desktop. In KDE SC 4 a partial name will display all possible matches
More info:
Youtube - KDE SC 4.1 KRunner

KSVG

KSVG enables support for scalable vector graphics in a KHTML browser. KSVG2 extends this for KDE SC 4.

KWin

KWin is the window manager. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE SC 4 extends KWin to provide support for 3D Compositing effects on the desktop.
More info:
Road to KDE 4: KWin Composite
KDE SC 4 Desktop Effects Video Tour
Youtube - KDE SC 4.0 KWin Composite Showcast
Youtube - KWin compositing config & intro

Mini-CLI

See KRunner

Nepomuk

"Networked Environment for Personalized, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge", Nepomuk aims to remove artificial barriers between information to allow dynamic classification, organisation and presentation of data to the user. Whether downloaded from the internet, received in an email or scribbled in a note, information is globally searchable and tagged with intelligent data. See The Semantic Desktop for further discussion of this concept.
More info:
Wikipedia - Semantic Desktop
Wikipedia - NEPOMUK Framework
NEPOMUK website
NEPOMUK KDE
Userbase Nepomuk page

Oxygen

Oxygen is the default theme of KDE SC 4. Designed to bring "a breath of fresh air" to the desktop by removing the simplistic, cartoonish icons, and replacing them with a clean theme and photo-realistic icons. Oxygen uses a desaturated palette to avoid the icons becoming a distraction and uses detailed scalable graphics (SVG).
More info:
Wikipedia - Oxygen Project
Oxygen Icons

Pager

A pager is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually, if you have several Virtual Desktops, gives an overview over all.

Panel

See Kicker. In KDE SC 4 the name "kicker" is dropped, and the name "panel" is the norm. "Applets"; are largely replaced by Widgets

Phonon

A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as gstreamer and xine engines. KDE 2 and 3 depended on aRts for sound. Phonon replaces it.
More info:
Wikipedia - Phonon (KDE)
Phonon website

Plasma

In KDE SC 4 the Plasma Desktop replaces KDesktop, kicker and the superkaramba widget engine. The applets are called Plasmoids, and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary. Widgets from other sources, such as SuperKaramba widgets or Google Gadgets are also supported.
More info:
Wikipedia - Plasma (KDE)
Plasma website
Plasma FAQ
Youtube - Plasma Applets Galore (Part 1)
Liquidat's Blog

Qt

(Pronounced "cute") A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Opera browser, GoogleEarth and Skype. Qt is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia company. Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.
More info:
The Qt Toolkit
Qt Demo Videos

Solid

Solid provides a single API for hardware management. Hardware is grouped into "domains". The initial domains relate to HAL, NetworkManager and the Bluetooth stack. Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.
More Info:
Discover Solid
Solid Brings Hardware Configuration and Control to the KDE platform

Soprano

Soprano is a sub-project of Nepomuk, providing a repository for gathered information such as tags, ratings, etc.. This makes the information available to Strigi
More info:
More about Nepomuk-KDE: Soprano and KDE platform integration

Strigi

A deep-indexed search daemon, Strigi aims to be fast and light-weight. It also uses SHA-1 hash which will help in the identification of duplicate files.
More info:
Strigi - the fastest and smallest desktop searching program
Wikipedia - Strigi

System Settings

KDE SC 4 replacement for KControl (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE platform.
More info:
KDE SC 4 System Settings illustrated

Threadweaver

This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ThreadWeaver provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.
More info:
Why Multithreading? (Technical article)

Virtual Desktops

A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of virtual desktops. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your new desktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.

WebKit

HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of KHTML. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. Webkit brings the whole functionality back to KDE SC 4, where it is available through Qt.
More info:
The Webkit home page
Wikipedia - Webkit

Widget

Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).

X-Server

The X-Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.

XMLGUI

A programmers' framework for designing the user interface. It is extensively used by KParts
More info:
Wikipedia - XMLGUI
Wikipedia - Qt Style Sheets

ZUI

The "Zooming User Interface". "By zooming out, users can get an overview of all the object groupings that they have made. These groupings may reflect the projects they are working on, be ways to keep different sets of files organized, etc. By hovering or clicking on one of these groups when zoomed out, users can either get a preview/snapshot of what is in the grouping, or zoom in on that grouping so that it is displayed full size on the physical screen." aseigo.
More info:
Youtube ZUI demo
Back to the Introduction page
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