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[[Welcome_to_KDE_UserBase|Home]] >> [[An_introduction_to_KDE|Introduction]] >> [[Glossary]]
<!--T:2-->
This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration. See also [[Special:myLanguage/Jargon File|Jargon File]].


</translate><span id="Activities"></span><translate>


This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration.  It should be noted that not all of the KDE 4 developments are available in 4.0.  Some maynot be ready for 4.1.
===Activities=== <!--T:6-->
:'''Activities''' are sets of '''Plasma''' ''widgets'' that have their own wallpaper. A bit like [[#Virtual Desktops|Virtual Desktops]], but not quite.  


==A General Overview==
<!--T:7-->
[http://www.kde.org/announcements/4.0/desktop.php A KDE 4.0 Visual Guide:] and a [http://media.ereslibre.es/2008/06/kde41.ogg 4.1 screencast] give an excellent overview of KDE 4.
:For example you have a "work activity" with commit rss feeds, a note with your TODO, a ''Folder View'' with your work related files, and a subtle wallpaper.


The following glossary is intended to help you find your way through the mists of new names and new concepts.  In some cases you can find a link from a KDE 3 component to its equivalent in KDE 4.
<!--T:8-->
:Next to it, you have your "freetime activity", with previews of family photos and dogs, rss feeds from your favourite blogs, a Folder View showing your movie collection, a twitter applet and of course that Iron Maiden wallpaper you have been loving since the early 80s.


<!--T:9-->
:At 1700 hours sharp you switch from the "work activity" to your "freetime activity".


;<span id="Activities">'''Activities'''</span>
<!--T:10-->
:Activities are sets of Plasma widgets that have their own wallpaper. A bit like [[#Virtual Desktops|Virtual Desktops]], but not quite.
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/Plasma#Activities|Creating Activities]]


:For example you have a &quot;work activity&quot; with commit rss feeds, a note with your TODO, a Folder View with your work related files, and a subtle wallpaper. 
</translate><span id="Akonadi"></span><translate>


:Next to it, you have your freetime activity, with previews of family photos and dogs, rss feeds from your favourite blogs, a Folder View showing your movie collection, a twitter applet and of course that Iron Maiden wallpaper you have been loving since the early 80s.
===Akonadi=== <!--T:11-->
:The data storage access mechanism for all ''PIM'' (Personal Information Manager) data in ''KDE''.  This allows various applications to access the required information in one place. Note that use of '''Akonadi''' does not change data storage formats (''vcard'', ''iCalendar'', ''mbox'', ''maildir'' etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.


:At 1700 hours sharp you switch from the work activity to your freetime activity.
<!--T:12-->
:The main reasons for design and development of '''Akonadi''' are of a technical nature, i.e., having a unique way to access PIM-data (contacts, calendars, emails..) from different applications ('''KMail''' and '''Calligra''', for instance), thus eliminating the need to write similar code over and over again.


:''More info'':
<!--T:13-->
::[[Plasma/FAQ#How can I add/remove an activity?|Creating Activities]]
:Another reason is to de-couple GUI applications like '''KMail''' from directly accessing external resources like mail-servers -- this was a major reason for bug-reports/wishes with regard to performance/responsiveness in the past.


<!--T:14-->
'''More Information''':
* [[Akonadi|for KDE's PIM]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi]
* [https://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi]


;<span id="Akonadi">'''Akonadi'''</span>
</translate><span id="Containment"></span><translate>
:The data storage access mechanism for all PIM (Personal Information Manager) data in KDE 4.  One single storage and retrieval system allows efficiency and extensibiliy not possible under KDE3, where each PIM component had its own system. Note that use of Akonadi does not change data storage formats (vcard, iCalendar, mbox, maildir etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.


:''More info'':
===Baloo=== <!--T:84-->
::[http://pim.kde.org/akonadi/ Akonadi - KDE PIM]
[[Special:myLanguage/Baloo|Baloo]] is a file indexing and search service that '''Dolphin''' and '''Elisa''' use to get metadata for files and to allow global searches. In a terminal type, <code>balooctl check</code> to find out whether an index was created already. <code>balooctl disable</code> and <code>balooctl status</code> are helpful instructions as well.
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akonadi Wikipedia - Akonadi]
::[http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/PIM/Akonadi Techbase - Akonadi]


<!--T:85-->
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baloo Baloo]


;<span id="aRts">'''aRts'''</span>
</translate><span id="Containment"></span><translate>
:The sound framework in KDE 2 and 3.  Its single-tasking nature caused problems when two sources of sound were encountered.  In KDE 4 it is replaced by [[#Phonon|Phonon]]


:''More info'':
===Breeze=== <!--T:93-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARts Wikipedia - aRts]
Breeze is the default theme starting with Plasma 5.
::[http://www.arts-project.org/gen/newsarchive/news_2000.html aRtsHome Page]


<!--T:94-->
'''More Information''':
* [https://cgit.kde.org/breeze.git/ Git repository]


;<span id="Containment">'''Containment'''</span>
===Containment=== <!--T:17-->
:A Containment is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.
:A ''Containment'' is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.


<!--T:18-->
:The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.     
:The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.     


</translate><span id="D-Bus"></span><translate>


;<span id="D-Bus">'''D-Bus'''</span>
===D-Bus=== <!--T:19-->
:An inter-service messaging system. Developed by RedHat, it was heavily influenced by KDE&#039;s DCOP, which it supercedes.
:An inter-service messaging system. D-Bus allows multiple programs to interact. Developed by Red Hat<sup>®</sup>, it was heavily influenced by KDE3's ''DCOP'', which it supersedes.


:''More info'':
<!--T:20-->
::[http://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus FreeDesktop.org: What is D-Bus?]  
'''More Information''':
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Bus Wikipedia: D-Bus]
* [https://freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/dbus FreeDesktop.org: What is D-Bus?]  
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Bus Wikipedia: D-Bus]


</translate><span id="Dolphin"></span><translate>


;<span id="Decibel">'''Decibel'''</span>
===Dolphin=== <!--T:21-->
:Using [[#D-Bus|D-Bus]], Decibel is the framework to manage all communication protocols including IM, email and VOIP through a unified system. Decibel is expected to be fully functional by KDE 4.2.  
:The default file manager in KDE Plasma.  It has a side panel (''Places''), but navigation is mainly by the ''breadcrumb'' trail above the main window. It has various advanced features such as split windows and individual views in different windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel. Other directories can be added to the Places panel. A ''Tree view'' is also possible.


:''More info'':
<!--T:22-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decibel_(KDE) Wikipedia - Decibel]  
'''More Information''':
::[http://techbase.kde.org/Development/Architecture/KDE4/Decibel Techbase - Decibel]  
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_(software) Wikipedia - Dolphin (software)]
::[http://decibel.kde.org/ Decibel website]
* [[Special:myLanguage/Tutorials/File_Management|The UserBase File Management Tutorial]]


</translate><span id="Flake"></span><translate>


;<span id="Dolphin">'''Dolphin'''</span>
===Flake=== <!--T:25-->
:The default file manager in KDE4. It has a side panel, but navigation is mainly by the &#039;breadcrumb&#039; trail above the main window. Split windows are possible, and views can be applied to individual windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel.  
:''Flake'' is a programming library to be used in [https://krita.org/en/ Krita] and [[Special:myLanguage/Calligra|Calligra]]. Functionally, it provides ''Shapes'' to display content and ''Tools'' to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped to work as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.  


:''More info'':
<!--T:26-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin_(software) Wikipedia- Dolphin_(software)]
'''More Information''':
::[http://dot.kde.org/2007/03/01/road-kde-4-dolphin-and-konqueror Road to KDE 4: Dolphin and Konqueror]
* [https://community.kde.org/Calligra/Libs/Flake KDE Community Wiki - Flake]  
::[http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20070405-afirst-look-at-dolphin-the-kde-4-file-manager.html Ars Technica: A First Look at Dolphin]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4HS1v0a9Xs Youtube - KDE 4 rev 680445 - Dolphin]
::[http://introducingkde4.blogspot.com/2007/12/dolphin.html Introducing KDE 4 Blog - Dolphin]


</translate><span id="Get Hot New Stuff"></span><translate>


;<span id="Extender">'''Extender'''</span>
===Get Hot New Stuff=== <!--T:27-->
:Extenders are a special kind of popup that can grow out of a [[#Plasma|Plasma]] panel for example. Extenders have detachable parts. Extenders are a new concept that will enter Plasma for KDE 4.2. The Kuiserver (the interface that collects all long running jobs and puts them into one window, also planned for that release) will make use of extenders so you can detach various jobs and monitor their progress separately.  
:''Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS)'' is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. Our implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.


:''More info'':
<!--T:28-->
::[http://kde-look.org/content/show.php/KDE+Extender+Mockup?content=30012 Mockup Screenshots]
'''More Information''':
::[http://plasma.kde.org/cms/1069 The Elements of Plasma]
* [https://store.kde.org The KDE Store]


</translate><span id="Home Directory"></span><translate>


;<span id="Flake">'''Flake'''</span>
===Home Directory=== <!--T:29-->
:Flake is a programming library to be used in KOffice2. Functionally, it provides Shapes to display content and Tools to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped towork as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.  
:That's the place in your system where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. It is easier when you keep your things here.  


:''More info'':
<!--T:30-->
::[http://wiki.koffice.org/index.php?title=Flake KOffice Wiki - Flake]  
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_directory Wikipedia - Home directory]  


</translate><span id="KHTML"></span><translate>


;<span id="Get Hot New Stuff">'''Get Hot New Stuff'''</span>
===KHTML=== <!--T:33-->
:Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. The KDE implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.
:''KHTML'' is a HTML rendering engine that was the base of WebKit, the engine that powers many browsers still in use today (e.g. Safari).  


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="Kirigami"></span><translate>
::[http://ghns.freedesktop.org Home of GHNS]
::[http://lwn.net/Articles/227855/ An article on GHNS in KDE 4]


===Kirigami=== <!--T:91-->
:'''Kirigami''' is a set of components allowing developers to create applications that looks good and works well on mobile platforms as well as on the desktop.


;<span id="Home_Directory">'''Home_Directory'''</span>
<!--T:92-->
:That's the place in system, where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. And this is easier, when you are keeping your things here.  
'''More Information''':
* [https://www.kde.org/products/kirigami/ Kirigami on kde.org]


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="Kickoff"></span><translate>
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_directory wikipedia]


===Kickoff=== <!--T:35-->
:Kickoff is a launch menu in KDE Plasma in which apps are sorted by functional groups. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application is made possible with the search box. There are also alternatives, such as the fullscreen app dashboard.


;<span id="KControl">'''KControl'''</span>
<!--T:36-->
:KDE Control Center, for setting global preferences in KDE3. Replaced by KDE4&#039;s [[#System Settings|System Settings]] interface.
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.opensuse.org/Kickoff Design documentation]


</translate><span id="KJS"></span><translate>


;<span id="KDOM">'''KDOM'''</span>
===KJS=== <!--T:37-->
:A [[#KPart|KPart]] module making KHTML DOM (Document Object Model) rendering capabilities available to all applications. [[#KSVG|KSVG2]] is built on KDOM for KDE 4.
:KDE platform's ''JavaScript'' engine.


</translate><span id="KInfoCenter"></span><translate>


;<span id="KHTML">'''KHTML'''</span>
===KInfoCenter=== <!--T:38-->
:KHTML is the HTML rendering engine for the KDE desktop, as used by KDE&#039;s Konqueror Browser. It also provides a KPart that enables all KDE applications to display web content. KDE4 also sees the introduction of Qt WebKit for Plasma and other applications.
:'''KInfoCenter''' originated as part of [[#KControl|KControl]] standing alone from KDE 3.1. It can display data about your system such as energy usage, hardware info and many more.


<!--T:39-->
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/KInfoCenter|KInfoCenter]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinfocenter Wikipedia - KInfoCenter]


;<span id="Kicker">'''Kicker'''</span>
</translate><span id="KIO"></span><translate>
:In KDE 3, the relocatable bar, usually at the bottom of the screen (sometimes called the [[#Panel|Panel]]), on which application launchers, the [[#Pager|Pager]], and buttons for running applications reside.  See [[#Panel|Panel]]


===KIO=== <!--T:40-->
:''KDE Input/Output framework'' provides a single ''API'' for operating on files, whether local or on a remote server.  Additionally, ''KIO Slaves'' provide support for individual protocols.  Some particularly useful ones are ''http'', ''ftp'', ''sftp'', ''smb'', ''nfs'', ''ssh (fish)'', ''man'', ''tar'', ''google drive'', and ''zip''. 


;<span id="Kickoff">'''Kickoff'''</span>
<!--T:41-->
:In KDE 4 (and some late versions of KDE 3), a launch menu in which apps are sorted by functional group. &#039;Favorites&#039; replaces the &#039;Most used applications&#039; in Classic Menu, and applications can be added to it. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application can be by the search box. Other menus are being worked on, since KDE 4 can be used with more than one launcher, should that be required.
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/File transfers|A tutorial on file transfers]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIO Wikipedia - KIO]
* [https://www.linux.com/feature/124686 Linux.com - Master the KIO slaves]


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="Kiosk"></span><translate>
::[http://home.kde.org/~binner/kickoff/sneak_preview.html Kickoff Sneak Preview]


===Kiosk=== <!--T:42-->
* [https://techbase.kde.org/KDE_System_Administration/Kiosk/Introduction Kiosk] is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a ''KDE platform'' system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. It has been unmaintained for quite some time now.


;<span id="KJS">'''KJS'''</span>
</translate><span id="KPart"></span><translate>
:KDE&#039;s JavaScript engine.


===KPart=== <!--T:43-->
:A ''KPart'' is an individual component of the ''KDE Plasma desktop'' and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow '''KMail''' and '''KOrganizer''' to integrate (as plugins) into the '''Kontact''' suite, or [[#KHTML|KHTML]] to display sites in '''Akregator'''.


;<span id="KInfoCenter">'''KInfoCenter'''</span>
</translate><span id="Kross"></span><translate>
:Kinfocenter originated as part of [[#Kcontrol|Kcontrol]] standing alone from KDE 3.1.  In KDE 4 it is replaced by modules configured in [[#System Settings|System Settings]], notably [[#Solid|Solid]]


:More Info:
===Kross=== <!--T:44-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinfocenter Wikipedia - KInfoCenter]
: ''Kross'' is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages. A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.


</translate><span id="KRunner"></span><translate>


;<span id="KIO">'''KIO'''</span>
===KRunner=== <!--T:45-->
:KDE Input/Output framework provides a single API for operating on files, whether local or on aremote server.  Additionally, KIO Slaves provide support for individual protocols.  Some particularly useful ones are http, ftp, sftp, smb, nfs, ssh (fish), man, tar and zip.
:The mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut ''Alt+F2'', or a right-click on the desktop.


:''More info'':
<!--T:46-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KIO Wikipedia - KIO]
'''More Information''':
::[http://www.linux.com/feature/124686 Linux.com - Master the KIO slaves]  
* [[Special:myLanguage/Plasma/Krunner|KRunner wiki]]
::[http://osdir.com/Article2159.phtml Breaking the Network Barrier]




;<span id="Kiosk">'''Kiosk'''</span>
</translate><span id="KWin"></span><translate>
:Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés.  Currently available in KDE 3 only.


===KWin=== <!--T:48-->
:''KWin'' is the window manager of KDE. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied.


;<span id="KPart">'''KPart'''</span>
<!--T:49-->
:A KPart is an individual component of the KDE desktop environment and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow KMail and KOrganizer to integrate (as plugins) into the Kontact suite, or [[#KHTML|KHTML]] to display sites in Akregator.
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/KWin|KWin]]


</translate><span id="Pager"></span><translate>


;<span id="Kross">'''Kross'''</span>
===Pager=== <!--T:55-->
: Kross is a scripting framework, enabling KDE 4 support for multiple scripting languages.  A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.
:A ''pager'' is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually, if you have several [[#Virtual Desktops|Virtual Desktops]], gives an overview over all.


</translate><span id="Panel"></span><translate>


;<span id="KRunner">'''KRunner'''</span>
===Panel=== <!--T:56-->
:the mini-command-line that is accessed from the KDE Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut Alt+F2, or a right-click on the desktop.  In KDE4 a partial name will display all possible matches
:See [[#Kicker|Kicker]]. In '''KDE Plasma''' the name "kicker" is dropped, and the name "panel" is the norm.  "Applets"; are largely replaced by [[#Widget|Widgets]]


:''More info'':
<!--T:87-->
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B1-SFSmwTXw Youtube - KDE 4.1 KRunner]
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/Plasma/Panels|Panels]]


</translate><span id="Phonon"></span><translate>


;<span id="KSVG">'''KSVG'''</span>
===Phonon=== <!--T:57-->
: KSVG enables support for scalable vector graphics in a [[#KHTML|KHTML]] browser.  KSVG2 extends this for KDE 4.
:A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as ''gstreamer'' and ''xine engines''.


<!--T:58-->
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/Phonon|Phonon]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon_(KDE) Wikipedia - Phonon (KDE)]
* [https://phonon.kde.org/ Phonon website]


;<span id="KWin">'''KWin'''</span>
</translate><span id="Plasma"></span><translate>
:KWin is the window manager.  This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied. KDE4 extends KWin to provide support for 3D Compositing effects on the desktop.


:''More info'':
===Plasma=== <!--T:59-->
::[http://dot.kde.org/1180541665/ Road to KDE 4: KWin Composite]
:Plasma is the desktop environment from KDE. It is the part of the desktop that you can see. Plasma also acts as a glue between panels, plasmoids and Kickoff. Plasma Mobile allows Plasma to run on smartphones and uses the same underlying code base.
::[http://francis.giannaros.org/blog/2007/12/03/kde4-desktop-effects-kwin-composite-video-tour/  KDE4 Desktop Effects Video Tour]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrFz7IxXppU Youtube - KDE 4.0 KWin Composite Showcast]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WBLlc6xCQ4 Youtube - KWin compositing config &amp; intro]


<!--T:60-->
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(KDE) Wikipedia - Plasma (KDE)]
* [https://plasma.kde.org/cms/1107 Plasma website]
* [[Special:myLanguage/Plasma|The Plasma main page]]
* [[Special:myLanguage/Plasma/FAQ/Index|The Plasma FAQ's]]


;<span id="Mini-CLI">'''Mini-CLI'''</span>
</translate><span id="Qt"></span><translate>
:See [[#KRunner|KRunner]]


===Qt=== <!--T:61-->
:(Pronounced "cute") A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as '''Krita''', '''GoogleEarth''' and many others.  Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.


;<span id="Nepomuk">'''Nepomuk'''</span>
<!--T:62-->
:&#039;Networked Environment for Personalized, Ontology-based Management of Unified Knowledge&#039;, Nepomuk aims to remove artificial barriers between information to allow dynamic classification, organisation and presentation of data to the user.  Whether downloaded from the internet, received in an email or scribbled in a note, information is globally searchable and tagged with intelligent data.  See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_desktop The Semantic Desktop] for further discussion of this concept.
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit]


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="Solid"></span><translate>
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_desktop Wikipedia - Semantic Desktop]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEPOMUK_(framework)  Wikipedia - NEPOMUK Framework]
::[http://nepomuk.semanticdesktop.org/xwiki/bin/view/Main1/ NEPOMUK website]
::[http://nepomuk.kde.org/discover/user NEPOMUK KDE]
::[[Nepomuk | Userbase Nepomuk page]]


;<span id="Oxygen">'''Oxygen'''</span>
===Solid=== <!--T:63-->
:Oxygen is the default theme of KDE4. Designed to bring &#039;a breath of fresh air&#039; to the desktop by removing the simplistic, cartoonish icons, and replacing them with a clean theme and photo-realistic icons.  Oxygen uses a desaturated palette to avoid the icons becoming a distraction and uses detailed scalable graphics (SVG).  
:''Solid'' provides a single API for hardware management.  Hardware is grouped into "domains".  The initial domains relate to ''HAL'', ''NetworkManager'' and the ''Bluetooth'' stack. Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.  


:''More info'':
<!--T:64-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_Project Wikipedia - Oxygen Project]
'''More Information''':
::[http://www.oxygen-icons.org/?cat=3 Oxygen Icons]
* [https://solid.kde.org/cms/1058 Discover Solid]  


</translate><span id="System Settings"></span><translate>


;<span id="Pager">'''Pager'''</span>
===System Settings=== <!--T:69-->
:A pager is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually if you have several [[#Virtual Desktops|Virtual Desktops]] gives an overview over all.
:The system settings are the unified place where you can change and customize many aspects of the Plasma desktop and KWin such as icon themes, desktop effects and shortcuts.


<!--T:70-->
'''More Information''':
* [[Special:myLanguage/System Settings|System Settings]]


;<span id="Panel">'''Panel'''</span>
</translate><span id="Threadweaver"></span><translate>
:See [[#Kicker|Kicker]]. In KDE4 the name &#039;kicker&#039; is dropped, and the name &#039;panel&#039; is the norm.  &#039;Applets&#039; are replaced by [[#Widgets|Widgets]]


===Threadweaver=== <!--T:71-->
:This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ''ThreadWeaver'' provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.


;<span id="Phonon">'''Phonon'''</span>
<!--T:86-->
:A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as gstreamer and xine engines. KDE 2 and 3 depended on aRts for sound.  Phonon replaces it.  
'''More Information''':
* [https://www.englishbreakfastnetwork.org/apidocs/apidox-kde-4.0/kdelibs-apidocs/threadweaver/html/Why.html Why Multithreading? (Technical article)]


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="Virtual Desktops"></span><translate>
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonon_(KDE) Wikipedia - Phonon (KDE)]
::[http://phonon.kde.org/cms/1030 Phonon website]


===Virtual Desktops=== <!--T:73-->
:A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of ''virtual desktops''. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your new desktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.


;<span id="Plasma">'''Plasma'''</span>
</translate><span id="WebKit"></span><translate>
:In KDE 4 Plasma replaces KDesktop, kicker and the superkaramba widget engine.  The applets are called Plasmoids, and range from informational widgets to mini-apps such as a calculator or dictionary.


:''More info'':
===WebKit=== <!--T:74-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(KDE) Wikipedia - Plasma (KDE)]
:HTML ''rendering engine'', originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|KHTML]]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari.  
::[http://plasma.kde.org/cms/1107 Plasma website]
::[[Plasma|Plasma FAQ]]
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5RpH9HOXJA&amp;feature=related  Youtube - Plasma Applets Galore (Part 1)]
::[http://liquidat.wordpress.com/ Liquidat&#039;s Blog]


<!--T:75-->
'''More Information''':
* [https://webkit.org/ The Webkit home page]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webkit Wikipedia - Webkit]


;<span id="Qt">'''Qt'''</span>
</translate><span id="Widget"></span><translate>
:(Pronounced &#039;cute&#039;) A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Opera browser, GoogleEarth and Skype. Qt is developed by Trolltech, who are now part of the Nokia.  Qt forms the underlying library KDE is built on.


:''More info'':
===Widget=== <!--T:76-->
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_(toolkit) The Qt Toolkit]
:Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a '''widget''' is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).
::[http://trolltech.com/products/qt/learnmore/demo Qt Demo Videos]


</translate><span id="X-Server"></span><translate>


;<span id="Raptor">''' Raptor'''</span>
===X Server=== <!--T:77-->
:Raptor is the third application menu available for KDE4 and uses a style similar to music hardware interfaces. Raptor is not finished yet.  Other menus are also in preparation
:The ''X Server'' represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.


:''More info'':
</translate><span id="XMLGUI"></span><translate>
::[http://raptor-menu.org/ Raptor home page]
::[http://www.raiden.net/?cat=2&amp;aid=411 Raptor review]


===XMLGUI=== <!--T:78-->
:A programmers' framework for designing the user interface.  It is extensively used by ''KParts''


;<span id="Solid">'''Solid'''</span>
<!--T:79-->
:Solid provides a single API for hardware management. Hardware is grouped into &#039;domains&#039;. The initial domains relate to HAL, NetworkManager and the Bluetooth stack.Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.  
'''More Information''':
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLGUI Wikipedia - XMLGUI]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_Style_Sheets Wikipedia - Qt Style Sheets]


:More Info:
<!--T:90-->
::[http://solid.kde.org/cms/1058 Discover Solid]
{{Prev|Special:myLanguage/An_introduction_to_KDE|An Introduction to KDE}}
::[http://dot.kde.org/1177385913/ Solid Brings Hardware Configuration and Control to KDE]
 
 
;<span id="Sonnet">'''Sonnet'''</span>
:Sonnet is a multilingual spell-checker planned for KDE 4.  One of its strengths is the ability to recognise the language in use and call up the appropriate dictionary.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://www.linux.com/articles/59963 KDE 4&#039;s Sonnet will turbocharge language processing]
::[http://liquidat.wordpress.com/2007/01/09/kde-4-sonnet/ Liquidat&#039;s blog, January 2007]
 
 
;<span id="Soprano">'''Soprano'''</span>
:Soprano is a sub-project of [[#Nepomuk||Nepomuk]], providing a repository for gathered information such as tags, ratings, etc..  This makes the information available to [[#Strigi|Strigi]]
 
:''More info'':
::[http://tinyurl.com/334u7r More about Nepomuk-KDE: Soprano and KDE integration]
 
 
;<span id="Strigi">'''Strigi'''</span>
:A deep-indexed search daemon, Strigi aims to be fast and light-weight.  It also uses SHA-1 hash which will help in the identification of duplicate files.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://strigi.sourceforge.net/ Strigi - the fastest and smallest desktop searching program]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strigi Wikipedia - Strigi]
 
 
;<span id="System Settings">'''System Settings'''</span>
:KDE 4&#039;s replacement for [[#KControl|KControl]] (Control Center) providing modular control over the KDE system.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://www.lazytechguy.com/2008/01/kde4-system-settings.html KDE4 System Settings illustrated]
 
 
;<span id="Threadweaver">'''Threadweaver'''</span>
:This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ThreadWeaver provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://tinyurl.com/5edc2k Why Multithreading? (Technical article)]
 
 
;<span id="Virtual Desktops">'''Virtual Desktops'''</span>
:A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of virtual desktops. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your newdesktop or moved to it. A window can also be made &quot;sticky&quot; which means it appears on all virtual desktops.
 
 
;<span id="WebKit">'''WebKit'''</span>
:HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of [[#KHTML|KHTML]]. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari. Webkit brings the whole functionality back to KDE 4, where it is available through Qt.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://webkit.org/ The Webkit home page]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webkit Wikipedia - Webkit]
 
 
;<span id="Widget">'''Widget'''</span>
:Collins English Dictionary: &quot;Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten.&quot; In KDE terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are &quot;applet&quot; or &quot;gadget&quot;. Superkaramba Themes, Apple&#039;s Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).
 
 
;<span id="X-Server">'''X-Server'''</span>
:The X-Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like KDE are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.
 
 
;<span id="XMLGUI">'''XMLGUI'''</span>
:A programmers&#039; framework for designing the user interface.  It is extensively used by ''KParts''
 
:''More info'':
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLGUI Wikipedia - XMLGUI]
::[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qt_Style_Sheets Wikipedia - Qt Style Sheets]
 
 
;<span id="ZUI">'''ZUI'''</span>
:The Zooming User Interface.  &quot;By zooming out, users can get an overview of all the object groupings that they have made. These groupings may reflect the projects they are working on, be ways to keep different sets of files organized, etc. By hovering or clicking on one of these groups when zoomed out, users can either get a preview/snapshot of what is in the grouping, or zoom in on that grouping so that it is displayed full size on the physical screen.&quot; aseigo.
 
:''More info'':
::[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EhODrJkoidA Youtube ZUI demo]
 
 
 
 
{|style="text-align:right"
|'''Back to [[An_introduction_to_KDE|the Introduction page''']]
|}


<!--T:83-->
[[Category:Getting Started]]
[[Category:Getting Started]]
[[Category:System]]
</translate>

Latest revision as of 13:27, 7 October 2022

Other languages:

This page sets out to provide a non-technical reference, together with links for further information or demonstration. See also Jargon File.

Activities

Activities are sets of Plasma widgets that have their own wallpaper. A bit like Virtual Desktops, but not quite.
For example you have a "work activity" with commit rss feeds, a note with your TODO, a Folder View with your work related files, and a subtle wallpaper.
Next to it, you have your "freetime activity", with previews of family photos and dogs, rss feeds from your favourite blogs, a Folder View showing your movie collection, a twitter applet and of course that Iron Maiden wallpaper you have been loving since the early 80s.
At 1700 hours sharp you switch from the "work activity" to your "freetime activity".

More Information:

Akonadi

The data storage access mechanism for all PIM (Personal Information Manager) data in KDE. This allows various applications to access the required information in one place. Note that use of Akonadi does not change data storage formats (vcard, iCalendar, mbox, maildir etc.) - it just provides a new way of accessing and updating the data.
The main reasons for design and development of Akonadi are of a technical nature, i.e., having a unique way to access PIM-data (contacts, calendars, emails..) from different applications (KMail and Calligra, for instance), thus eliminating the need to write similar code over and over again.
Another reason is to de-couple GUI applications like KMail from directly accessing external resources like mail-servers -- this was a major reason for bug-reports/wishes with regard to performance/responsiveness in the past.

More Information:

Baloo

Baloo is a file indexing and search service that Dolphin and Elisa use to get metadata for files and to allow global searches. In a terminal type, balooctl check to find out whether an index was created already. balooctl disable and balooctl status are helpful instructions as well.

More Information:

Breeze

Breeze is the default theme starting with Plasma 5.

More Information:

Containment

A Containment is a top level grouping of widgets. Each Containment manages the layout and configuration data of its set of widgets independently from other Containments.
The end result is that you can group widgets within a Containment according to the significance to your working pattern, rather than by directory grouping.

D-Bus

An inter-service messaging system. D-Bus allows multiple programs to interact. Developed by Red Hat®, it was heavily influenced by KDE3's DCOP, which it supersedes.

More Information:

Dolphin

The default file manager in KDE Plasma. It has a side panel (Places), but navigation is mainly by the breadcrumb trail above the main window. It has various advanced features such as split windows and individual views in different windows. Mounting and umounting USB devices can be done in the side-panel. Other directories can be added to the Places panel. A Tree view is also possible.

More Information:

Flake

Flake is a programming library to be used in Krita and Calligra. Functionally, it provides Shapes to display content and Tools to manipulate content. Shapes can be zoomed or rotated and can be grouped to work as a single Shape, around which text flow is possible.

More Information:

Get Hot New Stuff

Get Hot New Stuff (GHNS) is an open standard that makes it easy for users to download and install various extensions for their applications. Our implementation of GHNS is used by Plasma (for example to get new desktop themes), and by many applications and widgets.

More Information:

Home Directory

That's the place in your system where all your files are kept. You can write your files outside of this folder, but all applications are configured to propose this folder as place to write your files to. It is easier when you keep your things here.

More Information:

KHTML

KHTML is a HTML rendering engine that was the base of WebKit, the engine that powers many browsers still in use today (e.g. Safari).

Kirigami

Kirigami is a set of components allowing developers to create applications that looks good and works well on mobile platforms as well as on the desktop.

More Information:

Kickoff

Kickoff is a launch menu in KDE Plasma in which apps are sorted by functional groups. Right-click also offers the possibility of adding applications to the desktop or panel. Rapid access to a less-used application is made possible with the search box. There are also alternatives, such as the fullscreen app dashboard.

More Information:

KJS

KDE platform's JavaScript engine.

KInfoCenter

KInfoCenter originated as part of KControl standing alone from KDE 3.1. It can display data about your system such as energy usage, hardware info and many more.

More Information:

KIO

KDE Input/Output framework provides a single API for operating on files, whether local or on a remote server. Additionally, KIO Slaves provide support for individual protocols. Some particularly useful ones are http, ftp, sftp, smb, nfs, ssh (fish), man, tar, google drive, and zip.

More Information:

Kiosk

  • Kiosk is a framework for restricting user capabilities on a KDE platform system, ideal for use in locked-down environments such as Internet cafés. It has been unmaintained for quite some time now.

KPart

A KPart is an individual component of the KDE Plasma desktop and allows applications to share their services with other applications. KParts allow KMail and KOrganizer to integrate (as plugins) into the Kontact suite, or KHTML to display sites in Akregator.

Kross

Kross is a scripting framework, enabling support for multiple scripting languages. A plugin system allows for the support of further languages in the future.

KRunner

The mini-command-line that is accessed from the Classic menu, the keyboard shortcut Alt+F2, or a right-click on the desktop.

More Information:

KWin

KWin is the window manager of KDE. This is where window decorations can be changed and themes applied.

More Information:

Pager

A pager is a small program or panel applet which shows the position of windows on your desktop and usually, if you have several Virtual Desktops, gives an overview over all.

Panel

See Kicker. In KDE Plasma the name "kicker" is dropped, and the name "panel" is the norm. "Applets"; are largely replaced by Widgets

More Information:

Phonon

A cross-platform multimedia API, interfacing with existing frameworks, such as gstreamer and xine engines.

More Information:

Plasma

Plasma is the desktop environment from KDE. It is the part of the desktop that you can see. Plasma also acts as a glue between panels, plasmoids and Kickoff. Plasma Mobile allows Plasma to run on smartphones and uses the same underlying code base.

More Information:

Qt

(Pronounced "cute") A framework/toolkit for writing cross-platform applications. It is used by many cross-platform applications such as Krita, GoogleEarth and many others. Qt forms the underlying library KDE software is built on.

More Information:

Solid

Solid provides a single API for hardware management. Hardware is grouped into "domains". The initial domains relate to HAL, NetworkManager and the Bluetooth stack. Since the backends for Solid are pluggable, Solid helps application developers write less code, and have it platform independent.

More Information:

System Settings

The system settings are the unified place where you can change and customize many aspects of the Plasma desktop and KWin such as icon themes, desktop effects and shortcuts.

More Information:

Threadweaver

This thread programming library spreads work among multiple-core processors where available, prioritising them before queueing them for execution. ThreadWeaver provides a high-level job interface for multithreaded programming.

More Information:

Virtual Desktops

A popular concept of Unix based window managers is the one of virtual desktops. This means you have not only one screen where you can place your windows on but several. When you switch to a different desktop (usually with a pager) you will only see the windows which you started on your new desktop or moved to it. A window can also be made "sticky" which means it appears on all virtual desktops.

WebKit

HTML rendering engine, originating from a fork of KHTML. Adopted by Apple and developed for Safari.

More Information:

Widget

Collins English Dictionary: "Any small mechanism or device the name of which is unknown or temporarily forgotten." In KDE software terms, a widget is a single component on the canvas. Other common names that are analogous are "applet" or "gadget". Superkaramba Themes, Apple's Dashboard, Google Gadgets, Yahoo Widgets, Vista Sidebar Widgets, Opera Widgets are all examples of other widget systems (some of which are supported by Plasma as well).

X Server

The X Server represents a basic layer upon which the various GUIs like the KDE Plasma desktop are built. It manages the basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw rectangles and other primitives.

XMLGUI

A programmers' framework for designing the user interface. It is extensively used by KParts

More Information:


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